What is a clause?

A Clause is a group of words that have at least a subject and a verb Clause: language is an art form Not a clause: after listening to music

There are two types of CLAUSES Independent and Dependent

An Independent Clause Has a subject and verb Expresses a complete thought Can stand alone as a sentence For ex. Many new drivers feel nervous.

A Dependent Clause Begins with a SUBORDINATOR – for ex, when, while, if , that or who Does not express a complete thought Cannot stand alone as a sentence For ex. …if my mother arrives

Clause Connectors Subordinators Coordinators Conjunctive Adverbs

Four Kinds of Sentences Simple Compound Complex Compound-complex

Simple Sentences A simple sentence is ONE INDEPENDENT CLAUSE. S V Mike loves cooking spaghetti on Sundays. S V V Mike loves cooking spaghetti and enjoys singing Italian pop songs Sundays. S S V My co-workers and I cook spaghetti on Sundays. S S V V My co-workers and I cook spaghetti and go for a walk on Sundays.

Compound Sentences A compound sentence is made of two or more independent clauses joined together.

How can you combine independent clauses? Discuss ways that you know.

Forming Compound Sentences: with a COORDINATOR Independent clause, + COORDINTATOR + independent clause

FANBOYS FOR – to introduce a reason AND – to add an idea NOR to add an idea, the first clause in negative BUT – to contrast opposing ideas OR – to show a choice YET – to contrast opposing ideas SO – to introduce a result

Forming a compound sentence with a CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB Independent clause; + conjunctive adverb, + independent clause

Forming a compound sentence with a CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB accordingly also besides consequently conversely finally furthermore hence however indeed instead likewise meanwhile moreover nevertheless next nonetheless otherwise similarly still subsequently then therefore thus