1. Advancing Sentence Structure
Develops Smooth Flow

2. Clause a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.
2 Main Types
Independent (Main)
Dependent (Subordinate)

3. Independent clause contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought
Ex: I went to the store

4. Dependent clause
contains a subject and a verb, but is an incomplete thought that starts with a subordinating conjunction
Ex: Although I was busy

5. Subordinating Conjunctions
below by the time even if even though every time if in case in the event that
just in case now that once only if since the first time though
above
after
although as
as soon as
because
before
unless until when  whenever whereas whether or not while

6. Compound Sentence
combines two (2) complete thoughts, also called independent clauses, using internal punctuation and conjunctions
Ex: Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause.
Ex: Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause.

7. Seven (7) Coordinating Conjunctions
(FAN BOYS):
For But
And Or
Nor Yet So

8. Conjunctive Adverbs accordingly furthermore moreover similarly
also hence namely still
anyway however nevertheless then
besides incidentally next thereafter
certainly indeed nonetheless therefore
consequently instead now
thus finally likewise otherwise undoubtedly further meanwhile

9. Compound Version A
Independent clause, coordinating conjunction independent clause.
*A comma is used when a coordinating conjunction joins two main clauses.
* The coordinating conjunction is not considered part of either clause.
Ex: I went to the store, and I bought eggs.

10. Compound Version B
Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause.
*A semicolon and a comma are used when a conjunctive adverb joins two main clauses.
Ex: I went to the store; however, I forgot my money.

11. Complex Sentence combines an independent and a dependent clause
Typically, these clauses can be inverted, and the sentence will still be logical.
Ex: Dependent clause, independent clause.
Ex: Independent clause dependent clause.

12. Complex Version A Dependent clause, independent clause.
*A comma is used when a dependent clause appears before an independent clause.
*The subordinating conjunction is the first word of (included in) the dependent clause.
- It makes the clause dependent/unable to stand alone.
Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store.

13. Complex Version B Independent clause dependent clause.
*There is no comma used when a dependent clause appears after an independent clause.
Ex: I went to the store although I was busy.

14. Compound-Complex Sentence
made up of at least one dependent clause, and two or more independent clauses
Ex: Use a dependent clause, an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, and a second independent clause.
Ex: Use an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, a second independent clause, and a dependent clause.

15. Compound-Complex Version A
Use a dependent clause, an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, and a second independent clause.
Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store, and I bought eggs.
Ex: Although I was busy, I went to the store; furthermore, I bought eggs.

16. Compound-Complex Version B
Use an independent clause, a coordinating conjunction or a conjunctive adverb, a second independent clause, and a dependent clause
Ex: I went to the store, and I bought eggs after school today.
Ex: I went to the store; moreover, I bought eggs after school today.