Communication and Social Behaviour Part 1 Higher Human Biology Communication and Social Behaviour Part 1

What do I remember from pre-reading? What is meant by the term ‘social behaviour’? What is infant attachment? When does infant attachment become apparent? What is the effect of poor infant attachment on a child’s development? What is the ‘strange situation’? Why do humans have a long period of dependency? What are the three degrees of control and their effects on the child?

Social behaviour Humans are social animals who prefer to live in a community They are a successful in doing so due to their ability to communicate effectively Communication can be both verbal and non-verbal (body language)

Infant attachment Infant attachment is the emotional tie that exists between a baby and it’s mother/carer At first is indiscriminate on the baby’s part becomes specific to the mother at about 6-7 months.

Importance of attachment It was first thought that this attachment was because the parents provide food, but there is an additional importance of contact comfort Harry harlow & rhesus monkeys - development.mp4 - YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrNBEhzjg8I Early infant attachment is important in laying the foundation for the future formation of stable relationships.  

The strange situation A child is left in a room with some toys and her behaviour is monitored when her mother is in the room, not in the room with a stranger http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTsewNrHUHU

Types of attachment and their effect Secure attachment - produces a secure child - can seek care from stranger but prefers mother - form trusting relationships with adults - secure in their emotions and can convey them appropriately - explore surroundings effectively therefore enhancing cognitive ability

Types of attachment cont’d Insecure attachment - can resist care giver on their return or ignore them - can be distressed when care giver leaves the room - some show little emotion at all but this is masking their anxiety - do not feel safe enough to explore surroundings

Socialisation and learning Humans have a long period of dependency on adults Providing time for socialisation and learning to occur in a safe and trusted environment. Authoritative control generally results in greater social competence than permissive control.

Types of control Authoritarian: Extreme high level of control with no explanation Use shame and withdrawal of affection as means of discipline

Authoritative: Warm and nurturing set limits with explanations demonstrates respect

Permissive: No limits No ground rules Child regulates their own behaviour Authoritative control generally results in greater social competence than permissive control.

Activities Testing your knowledge Qs p282 No’s 1 -4 Homework Pre-reading Chapter 19 p282 - 288

What do I know? What is meant by the term ‘social behaviour’? What is infant attachment? When does infant attachment become apparent? What is the effect of poor infant attachment on a child’s development? What is the ‘strange situation’? Why do humans have a long period of dependency? What are the three degrees of control and their effects on the child?