Classification CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS

Classification Systems Classification systems are how we organize organisms This is called taxonomy The classification of organisms has changed and evolved over the years due to new knowledge Greater understanding of evolutionary relationships, thanks to DNA technology, has allowed for more detailed classification

Classification The classification of organisms begins with the largest groupings and moves down to the smallest (domain species) The classification order is as follows: Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

What is a Species? Group of the same organisms Live together Mate and produce viable offspring “Viable” means they can have babies of their own

Scientific Name The scientific name of an organism is the Genus and Species of an organism Always written in italics Example: Humans are Homo sapiens This “two name” system is called binomial nomenclature

Case Study: Interbreeding Only species are able to interbreed. Organisms of two different species normally will not breed Sometimes, organisms within the same genus are able to interbreed, but the offspring are not viable (they cannot reproduce!) Example: Mules; Ligers These hybrid organisms are much more common in captivity than in the wild

Dichotomous Keys A key that helps identify an organism Uses questions to lead you to the scientific name of an organism By looking at features of an organism, the key will help you determine what it is!

Follow Steps to find out what organism #3 is? #7?

Phylogenetic Trees Shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms Can show which organisms are more closely related than other organisms

Phylogenetic Trees Which organism is more closely related to man? __________ Which organism is man more closely related to: Frog or bird? Why?

Cladogram Shows relationships up-close; characteristics they share