1. QUIZ
What is the science that describes, names and classifies organisms?
Linnaeus classified organisms according to their ______ & ______.
(True or False) Binomial nomenclature gives the phylum and genus names.
What is the species name for humans?

2. The science of organizing life
Taxonomy
The science of organizing life
Taxon (taxa plural) - groups within a taxonomic system

3. Linnaean System
Group organisms into levels according to their visible form & structure

4. ACTIVITY 1 Classify Objects by Characteristics

5. Spider Key

6. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

7. King Phillip Came Over For Ginger Snaps

8. 8

9. Linnaean System Binomial Nomenclature
Developed a 2 - part naming system called
Binomial Nomenclature
Genus name followed by species identifier
Written in italics Genus name capitalized
Latin roots & descriptive name
example: Homo sapiens
Subspecies (variations of a species living in different areas) name follows species identifier

10. Systematics
Describing, classifying and naming organisms in terms of their natural relationships
Natural relationships = physical features, embryos, genes in the nucleus, DNA & RNA
Biologist can choose & combine systems of classification but the classification should reflect Phylogeny

11. Hypothesis of the evolutionary history of species or taxonomic group
What is Phylogeny?
Hypothesis of the evolutionary history of species or taxonomic group
Phylogenetics – the evolutionary relationships among organisms;
Compare visible similarities among current living or fossils or compare chromosomes and macromolecules
Represent hypotheses in the form of phylogenetic diagram also called phylogenetic tree

12. Activity 2 Create a Phylogenetic tree Family tree
you – parents- grand parents- great grandparent & so on.
What natural relationships does your tree represent?

14. Systematics
Compares homologous features items that share a common ancestry
Important to separate from analogous features similar because they have similar function
The greater the number of homologous features shared by two organisms the closer they are related

15. Homologous vs. Analogous15

16. CLADISTICS
A phylogenetic classification system that uses shared derived characters & ancestry as the only criteria for grouping taxa
Shared character – feature that all members of a group have in common
Derived character – feature that evolved only within the group under consideration

17. CLADISTICS
Clad – group of organisms that include an ancestor plus all of its descendants
Cladograms – phylogenetic diagrams

18. CLADOGRAMS

19. Cladogram Group

20. ANY QUESTIONS?

21. Answers Question 1- 6 on Page 345
HOMEWORK
READ p 341 – 345
Answers Question 1- 6 on Page 345