Causes of WWI

WWI began in 1914, but the causes developed long before. Four main causes: M.A.I.N. Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism These four causes were called the “powder keg” – four components, when put together, would eventually explode

Imperialism Created competition Potential for conflict (over territory) was always present

Militarism To protect colonial territory, Europeans adopted a “militaristic” stance Was a sign of power to have a large army or navy European countries adopted “standing armies” – armies that exist even during peacetime Definition of term: Glorification of armed strength War is seen as noble and honorable A danger: Countries compete to build the most powerful armed forces

Nationalism Combined with Imperialism & Militarism, Nationalism suddenly becomes dangerous Nationalism led to: Desire to be most powerful = Military build-up Thousands of young men willing to go to war Two kinds: Imperial countries (pride in conquest & domination) Countries under imperial control (led to rebellions)

Alliances Countries did not want to fight alone A series of alliances was formed.

GERMANY Early German goal: stay out of a two-front war Prior to 1890 -- alliances with: Austria-Hungary, Italy, Russia But, Russia & A-H had tension over Balkan region 1890: Kaiser Wilhelm II took power Allowed alliance with Russia to dissolve 1894: Russia allies with France Wilhelm II then builds up navy (to rival Britain) 1907: Britain allies with Russia & France

By 1907, there are two rival groups in Europe: Triple Entente: Britain, France, Russia Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy