The Triangular Trade (aka: Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade)
DEFINITION Triangular Trade: Trade routes between Africa, Europe and the Americas during the Atlantic Slave Trade.
Spain, Portugal, & England They needed slaves to work on their plantations in South America, the Caribbean, & North America
ENGLAND At beginning, only a few slaves came to English colonies. But when tobacco, cotton & rice plantations grew in the colonies, slave trade increased. Britain was given control over much of slave trade had a monopoly
Maps of the Triangular Trade
Leg One: THE OUTWARD PASSAGE Ships left Europe loaded with guns, tools, textiles (manufactured goods) Crews with guns went ashore to capture slaves & purchase slaves from tribal leaders. Slaves were obtained by: 1. Kidnapping 2. Trading 3. People given by chiefs as tributes (gifts) 4. Chiefs sent people who were in debt 5. Chiefs sent criminals through judicial process 6. Prisoners of tribal wars also sent.
Goree, or Slave-Stick
Slaves were held in prisons along the west coast of Africa. They were waiting to put on slaves ships. Those that journeyed from the interior and were not fit for the ship were left on the shores to die
Leg Two: THE MIDDLE PASSAGE Ships sailed across Atlantic Ocean from Africa to Americas, carrying slaves & gold Journey took 5-12 weeks DISGUSTING CONDITIONS Some Africans tried to jump ship, refused to eat & rebelled. Loss of slave’s life was a loss of $ for sailors.
Leg Three: THE HOMEWARD PASSAGE Africans sold at auctions in Americas Money from their sale would buy a cargo of raw materials: cotton, sugar, spices, rum, chocolate or tobacco. In Europe, converted raw materials into finished products.