1. Agricultural South

2. AIM/DO NOW/AGENDA
AIM: Students will understand how agriculture shaped the economy and slave culture of the South.
DO NOW:
1) What was the Bacon rebellion?
2) What is the difference between an indentured servant and a slave?
3)What were the main crops grown in the South?

3. Do Now Answer Effects of Bacon's Rebellion
◆ Bacon's Rebellion was a significant event, because it highlighted the mistreatment under British rule, and stoked the fire of rebellion in different states.
◆ It unwittingly encouraged white populism and waged a war against the Indians, who were the original rulers of the land.
◆ The rebellion stopped the use of indentured servants, and instead encouraged the capturing of slaves from Africa, to put a stop to any further uprisings.

4. MEME OF THE DAY

5. The Agricultural South— MD, VA, NC, SC, GA
Since the very early days of the colonies, the South depended on agriculture and the fertile soil for their livelihood.
Cash crop-grown primarily for sale rather than for the farmer’s own use. (tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton)

6. Plantation Life
Throughout the South, plantations arose in place of cities.  Plantation - a large- scale farm that specializes in cash crops and needs a large labor force. 
1) self-sustaining
2) did not need stores or warehouses.
3)South developed as a rural, self-sufficient society.

8. Women
Small farmers made up the majority of the population of the South, but plantation owners controlled the economy and politics.
Women in both the North and South were considered to be
1) Second-class citizens.
2) Could not vote or
3) Could not own property
4) Only taught social graces and domestic tasks.
Women in the lower class took care of all domestic responsibilities while women of the planter/upper class had servants to take care of domestic issues.

9. The Switch from Indentured Servants to Slaves
During the 1600s up to 2/3 of white male immigrants were indentured servants. Life was very harsh and many died while serving their time.
As the number of indentured servants decreased there was a great need to replace them.
English colonists turned to the African slave trade for laborers. Africans were looked down upon because of their appearance and beliefs, but soon replaced indentured servants.

13. The Triangle African slaves soon became a part of the triangular trade
Trangular Trade - Trade routes between Africa, Europe and the Americas during the Atlantic Slave Trade.

14. The Triangle
1) Leg One
Ships left Europe went to Africa loaded with guns, tools, textiles (manufactured goods)
How were the slaves obtained?
Goree, or Slave-Stick

15. The Triangle
Leg Two
What is the middle passage? What would have been traded at the end of the middle passage?
The Middle Passage was the middle leg of the trade triangle. This brought Africans to the West Indies and the Americas.
1) 20% of Africans died during the middle passage.
2) Most died of disease /horrible conditions, but others committed suicide.
African slaves tried to keep their own culture in the new world. Music and dance were a popular way for slaves to celebrate their culture.

16. The Triangle
Leg three
What happened to Africans after they were brought to the Americas? What went back to Europe?
1) Slaves sold at auctions
2) Rum, Sugar, Tobacco, Cotton, Raw Materials brought back to Europe
THE TRIANGLE STARTS ALL OVER AGAIN

18. See p.76
Olaudah Equiano Quote

19. Many enslaved Africans tried to resist their slavery by faking illness, breaking tools, slowing down, or running away.
Some even revolted.
Stono Rebellion of 1739 occurred in South Carolina.
1) 20 slaves gathered with guns and other weapons.
2) They killed several planter families
3) marched South-killing and recruiting
4) A militia surrounded the group and all of the slaves were killed or executed.
How do you think the Plantation owners responded?

20. Outcome of Stono Rebellion
The Stono Rebellion led to stricter laws and tighter control of slaves.
Runaway slaves were strictly punished, but many still attempted to run away.
Many slaves who succeeded in running away went North into Canada or intermarried with local Indian groups.
As Southern colonies grew they began to depend more and more on slavery as a means of labor.