A SPEAKER’S GUIDEBOOK 4TH EDITION CHAPTER 19 The Body in Delivery

Channels of Nonverbal Communication The aural channel is compiled of the various vocalizations learned earlier. Paralanguage refers to how something is said, not what is said. The visual channel includes all that the audience sees from the objects used by the speaker to the facial expressions, gestures, and body movements of the speaker. TRY THIS! Take turns saying the words “I love you.” Listen to your classmates and do not create the same meaning for the words by altering the way in which you say the words “I love you”.

Functions of Nonverbal Communication Clarifies the meaning of verbal messages Facilitates feedback from the audience to the speaker Establishes a relationship between the speaker and the audience Establishes speaker credibility

Effective Body Movement Animate your facial expressions to match the meaning of your words. Maintaining eye contact is the most important physical action in a speech. Use gestures that feel natural and add emphasis to the meaning of your words. Demonstrate a confident posture while speaking. Dress appropriately for the speech occasion. Remove objects from audience view that are distracting.

Question What is the best tip for making eye contact when you are speaking to a large audience? A. Stare directly at your good friend. B. Scan the audience in sections. C. Watch the instructor and write comments on your rubric. D. Look at the wall behind your audience. E. Read your outline and don’t worry about making eye contact.

Appearance Presenting a professional image is essential for improving speaker credibility. Some listeners will not listen to speakers who are dressed inappropriately. Business casual is usually acceptable for classroom speeches, but that does not include flip flops, shorts, jeans, or tennis shoes.

Using Classroom Equipment Usually due to nervousness, speakers tend to make unnecessary movements when touching classroom equipment. The remote control for the computer needs to be as unobtrusive as possible. Audience attention should be on the changing slide, not on the action taken to change the slide.

Question How to use the podium when speaking is a difficult decision for speakers. What is the best use for the podium? A. To lean on B. To hold your notes C. To tap your pen on D. To move around E. To not use at all

Practice Tips Tip 1: Focus on your message, not yourself. Tip 2: Record your practice session. Tip 3: Make changes to your speaking outline as needed. Tip 4: Time your speech until you meet the time requirements 3 times in a row. Tip 5: Practice two or more days in advance of your scheduled speech date.

Chapter 19 Key Terms for Review aural channel paralanguage visual channel scanning talking head