Final Exam Review

Explain the impact of the Agricultural Revolution in England in the late 1700s. #14 (p. 508-510) Improved technology Created more food Increased population

#15 Describe the impact of the Irish potato famine of the 1840s. (p a period of mass starvation, disease and emigration (movement of people) between 1845 and 1852 Known as the Irish Potato Famine or "the Great Hunger"

Ethnic and religious conflict, wars, famine… #16 Describe several reasons for the mass migrations of people in the world. Ethnic and religious conflict, wars, famine… Apartheid in South Africa Religious Conflicts like the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide. Irish Potato famine

#17. How did the Opium Wars affect the relationship between western powers and China? (p. 650) The Chinese became distrustful of westerners Chinese were forced to sign “unequal treaties” Hated the fact that westerners did not have to abide by Chinese trade laws because westerners were more powerful Influences Japanese foreign policy later on… over trade and diplomatic relations between China, Britain and the US British and US merchants brought opium from Bengal to the coast of China, where they sold it to Chinese smugglers who distributed the drug in defiance of Chinese laws. Aware both of the drain of silver and the growing numbers of addicts Britain gained Hong Kong The British used the Opium wars as a way to further colonize China.

18. What were the results of Commodore Matthew Perry's expeditions to Japan? Led to the Expansion of Trade with Asia Increased the US Competition with Europe led to westernization in Japan Under Meiji, they wanted to “join them” and imperialize too. Trying to aviod what happened in China under Opium wars…

19. Explain the significance of Karl Marx and outline his beliefs (communism). (p. 522) Marx’s work inspired future communist leaders, such as Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin Goal: a classless and stateless society based on the government controlling all areas of life. political system in Russia, China, North Korea and Eastern European nations

20. What is laissez-faire capitalism? (p. 520) Laissez-Faire economists call for the government to keep its “hands-off” the economy, the government does not interfere with business Profit incentive, believe that markets (supply and Demand) will regulate itself. Entrepreneurs

21. Why were railroads an important part of the Industrial Revolution 21. Why were railroads an important part of the Industrial Revolution? (p. 515, 559) Men and animal pushed wagons along wooden tracks. People needed better, quicker, and more inexpensive transportation. The availability of manufactured goods and food increased and the costs of products decreased because of railroads. Population increased because food was available in a large variety at a low cost. Men and animal pushed wagons loaded with ore along wooden tracks. Not only did people need better transportation, but manufactured goods, raw materials and food needed a quick, inexpensive mode of transportation. The availability of manufactured goods and food increased because the railroad provided quick transportation. Costs of products also decreased because of railroads. Population increased because food was available in a large variety at a low cost.

22. What are spheres of influence 22. What are spheres of influence? Where did European nations use spheres of influence? A type of colonization where countries had ‘special rights related to trading” in these spheres A type of colonization where countries had ‘special right related to trading” in these spheres Used in China, Japan