Term 1 Revision Quiz Biology

What does the term “balanced diet” mean? Eating the correct amount of all types of nutrients.

What can happen if you do not eat a balanced diet? Eating too much energy can lead to becoming overweight. Can lead to heart problems. Anorexia, eating not enough, can lead to becoming weak and problems with all organs.

What nutrient is needed for energy storage? Fats

What food is a source of fats? Oils

What nutrient is needed for quick energy? Carbohydrates

What foods are good sources of carbohydrates? Potatoes Pasta Bread Rice

What are the two types of carbohydrates? Starch Sugar

What nutrient is needed for growth and repair? Protein

What food is a good source of protein? Beans Meat Fish Dairy

What two groups of nutrients are needed in small amounts for general health? Vitamins Minerals

Why is it important to have the mineral calcium in your diet? For building strong bones and teeth

Why is it important to have fibre in the diet? Keeps the intestines clean (allows waste to be removed from the body)

What is the unit to measure energy? Joules (J) or kiljoules (kJ)

What three main things does the body use energy for? Growth and repair Movement Keeping warm

What does the word “digestion” mean? Breaking up of large food molecules into smaller ones.

Where does digestion begin? Mouth

Name this organ in the digestive system Oesophagus What is the function? Deliver food to the stomach

Name this organ in the digestive system Stomach What is the function? Mix up food with acid (to kill bacteria) and continue digestion.

Name this organ in the digestive system Small intestine What is the function? Digestion and Absorption of nutrients

Name this organ in the digestive system Large intestine What is the function? Reabsorb water from food waste.

What is the name for chemicals that digest food? Enzymes

Why do nutrients need to be digested before they are absorbed? Nutrients need to be digested so that they are small enough to pass through the walls of the small intestine into the blood stream.

What is the name of this structure in the small intestine? Villi

Why are villi so important? Increases the surface area of the small intestine and speeds up absorption of nutrients.

What does the term “respiration” mean? Chemical reaction that releases energy (from glucose).

What is the word equation for AEROBIC respiration? Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water

Where does respiration take place? In (all) cells

What is the main function of the circulatory system? To pump blood around the body Deliver substances to and from cells

What are the two main parts of the circulatory system? Heart Blood vessels

What are the three types of blood vessels? Arteries Veins Capillaries

What do arteries do? Deliver blood away from the heart.

What do veins do? Deliver blood to the heart.

What to capillaries do? Deliver blood to tissues/cells.

What materials are transported in the blood? Oxygen Carbon dioxide Glucose

What is the function of the respiratory system What is the function of the respiratory system? HINT: its NOT respiration Breathing for gas exchange

What is the main organ of the respiratory system? Lungs

What happens during gas exchange? Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood stream (to be breathed out) Oxygen (breathed in) diffuses into the blood stream.

What is the name of this structure in the lungs? alveoli

Why are alveoli important? Increases the surface area of the lungs speeding up gas exchange.

Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water Where does the glucose come from? Digestive system, digestion of food.

Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water Where does the oxygen come from? Respiratory system, breathing/gas exchange.

Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water What happens to the carbon dioxide? Exhaled, breathed out.

What is the name for the muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation? Diaphragm

How is inhaled air different from exhaled air? Inhaled air has more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.

What is the effect of exercise on breathing rate and heart rate? Both increase

What are the three main functions of the skeleton? Movement Protection Support