Get out stuff for notes history and impact of English NOVEMBER 2, 2017 Get out stuff for notes history and impact of English

FIGURE 5-9 BRANCHES OF THE INDOEUROPEAN LANGUAGE FAMILY Most Europeans speak languages from the Indo-European language family. In Europe, the three most widely used branches are Germanic (north and west), Romance (south and west), and Slavic (east). The fourth major branch, Indo-Iranian, clustered in southern and western Asia, has more than 1 billion speakers, the greatest number of any Indo-European branch

Germanic Branch FIGURE 5-10 LANGUAGE GROUPS OF THE GERMANIC BRANCH Germanic languages predominate in Northern and Western Europe.

Development of English Celtic was original language Three Germanic Invasions- 400s Angles Jutes Saxons Viking Invasion-800s Incorporates Norse Norman Invasion-1066 Incorporates French

History of English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIzFz9T5rhI

Development of dialects in u.k. Different English accents https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyyT2jmVPAk

Diffusion of English Colonies North America Australia and New Zealand USA and Canada Australia and New Zealand Africa Asia India

Development of English dialects Do Individual Languages Vary among Places? North America USA Northeastern Midlands Southeastern Canada British loyalists Due to limited spoken interaction and nationalism

English accents around the world https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3UgpfSp2t6k

FIGURE 5-21 U. S. DIALECTS AND SUBDIALECTS The four major U. S FIGURE 5-21 U.S. DIALECTS AND SUBDIALECTS The four major U.S. dialect regions are Northern, Southern, Midlands, and West.

FIGURE 5-22 SOFT-DRINK DIALECTS Soft drinks are called soda in the Northeast and Southwest, pop in the Midwest and Northwest, and Coke in the South. The map reflects voting at www.popvssoda.com.

Global dominance of English Lingua Franca Language of science, international trade, diplomacy, higher education, media, tourism English is an official language of 57 countries People in smaller countries learn English to participate more fully in the global economy and culture. Other Examples of Lingua Franca Swahili in East Africa Hindi in South Asia Indonesian in Southeast Asia Russian in former Soviet Union.

English as an official language

English on the internet

Global dominance of English Expansion Diffusion of English Expansion has occurred in two ways with English. English is changing through diffusion of new vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. English words are fusing with other languages. Ex. Words, such as cowboy, hamburger, jeans, and T-shirt were allowed to diffuse into French. Ex. Spanglish Unlike most exmaples of expansion diffusion, English has been a bottom-to-top approach with percolated from common usage rather than brought by the elite.

Reactions to English Kazakhstan vs. Brazil Read your article Write down how your country is responding to the influence of English Are they embracing it or resisting it? How so? Why?