Early Demands for Equality

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Presentation transcript:

Early Demands for Equality Chapter 14 Section 1

Lecture Focus Question How did African Americans challenge segregation after WWII?

Jim Crow Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): established “separate but equal” doctrine De jure segregation: segregation imposed by law De facto segregation: segregation imposed by custom or tradition Schools, hospitals, buses, theaters, diners, cemeteries, beaches, etc

CORE & NAACP Congress of Racial Equality (CORE): organized nonviolent protests against segregation with limited success National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP): challenged segregation through the court system Civil Rights Movement: fight for equality for African Americans

Montgomery Bus Boycott Organized effort by NAACP to desegregate Montgomery, AL bus system Rosa Parks arrested Montgomery bus boycott began Lasted 1 year and ended in victory Play Eyes on the Prize Vol I

Brown v. Board of Education 1951: Thurgood Marshall (NAACP) lawyer for Oliver Brown Main issue: Is segregation legal in the U.S. school system? 1954 Supreme Court ruling: “separate but equal” is unconstitutional, not applicable to public school system Brown v. Board of Ed overturned Plessy v. Ferguson

Reactions to Brown Southern whites somewhat in denial at first KKK created “White Citizens Council” and vowed to fight integration

The Little Rock Nine Central High School in Little Rock, AK 1st major attempt to uphold Brown 9 black students with perfect academic and behavioral records chosen to enroll Extreme response from white community Play Eyes on the Prize Vol I

Lecture Focus Question How did African Americans challenge segregation after WWII?