Experience based Technique for learning Design by heuristic Approach and Gestalt Model Experience based Technique for learning Centre for Industrial Design (OPEN DESIGN SCHOOL) Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL In simple definition “is an adjective for experience-based techniques that help in problem solving, learning and discovery.” In precise terms, heuristics stand for strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving. It shows that we learn majority times by trial-and-error in other terms by personal experiences; however, heuristic knowledge. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Ten Pointer Criteria Heuristic 1: Be Passionate, have zeal to exceed expectations and consistently delivering a better performance every time. Heuristic 2: Requirements docs are just a means to test the product/ software based on the specs, trust your instincts, don’t completely rely on them. Heuristic 3: Use mind map to brainstorm the ideas (A mind map is a diagram used to represent words, ideas, tasks, or other items linked to and arranged around a central key word or idea. Mind maps are used to generate, visualize, structure, and classify ideas, and as an aid to studying and organizing information, solving problems, making decisions, and writing.) 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Heuristic 4: Ask questions as much as you can, this applies to everyone, document the answers; create knowledge base/FAQs it helps every time. You can question the product which doesn’t even exist functional. Heuristic 5: Innovation, creating innovative solutions and convert them into positive results. Heuristic 6: Accountability, taking ownership of the product/software, this is your product you are the stakeholder. Heuristic 7: Personal Integrity, all actions should be based on openness, trust and integrity/honesty. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Heuristic 8: Think and Act like an Expert, set a MISSION and a VISION for you. Heuristic 9: Create a Story out of your observations; it helps in understanding the problem, performing analysis and reporting. Heuristic 10: Learning & Sharing Curve, Read More, Learn various methods, diversify, and Share your experiences with community. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Gestalt Model Gestalt theory originated in Austria and Germany toward the end of the 19th century. Since then, Gestalt theory has has become fundamental to several related disciplines, including art, graphic design, web design and interior design. Gestalt theory focuses on the mind’s perceptive processes. The word "Gestalt" has no direct translation in English, but refers to "a way a thing has been Gestellt ; i.e., ‘placed,’ or ‘put together’"; common translations include "form" and "shape" Gestalt therapy is an existential, phenomenological and process-based approach 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Individuals must be understood in the context of their ongoing relationship with environment Awareness, choice and responsibility are cornerstones of practice Gestalt therapy is lively & promotes direct experiencing rather than the abstractness of talking about situations Gestalt theory was introduced as a contrast to at the time dominant structuralism, which claimed that complex perceptions could be understood through breaking them into smaller elementary parts of experience, like splitting graphical forms into sets of dots or melody into sequence of sounds. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Gestaltists attacked this theory: same melody can be recognized if transposed into another key and perception of a rectangle can be achieved through other forms than four lines. The idea of Wertheimer was that the ability to perceive objects was an ability of the nervous system, which tends to group together objects that are nearby, similar, form smooth lines, form most of the shape we can recognize. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL What is Gestalt Theory Gestalt theorists followed the basic principle that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In viewing the "whole," a cognitive process takes place – the mind makes a leap from comprehending the parts to realizing the whole. 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Gestalt Laws of Organization DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Gestalt Laws of Organization proximity - elements tend to be grouped together according to their nearness similarity - items similar in some respect tend to be grouped together closure - items are grouped together if they tend to complete some entity Continuation – the eye is compelled to move through one object and continue to another object 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design DESIGN BY HEURISTIC APPROACH AND GESTALT MODEL Reference [1] Neha Thakur “Testing Heuristics & Cognitive Approach to Testing” White Paper Submitted for STC 2010 [2] http://teorije-ucenja.zesoi.fer.hr/doku.php?id=learning_theories:gestalt_psychology 7 November 2018 Copyright @ GTU - Centre for Industrial Design

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