Greek city-states go to war with one another

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Presentation transcript:

Greek city-states go to war with one another The Peloponnesian War

Before the Peloponnesian War Athens and Sparta had worked together to defeat the Persian Empire Athens in control of the Aegean Sea Sparta in control of Peloponnesus 30 Years’ Treaty (agreement not to attack one another) Didn’t last 30 yrs.

Alliances Delian League- Athens, Plataea, Miletus, Greek Colonies and Islands (name from the island Delos, where the treasury was set up) Peloponnesian League- Sparta Thebes, Corinth and Megara (name from the Peninsula where Sparta is located)

Causes of the Peloponnesian Wars Two major powers fighting for control over Greece (Athens and Sparta) Creation of Alliances (Delian and Peloponnesian League) Sparta was worried about Athenian wealth and power Athens built a huge Navy Each league pledge loyalty to their own city-states (including going to war for one another) Megarian Decrees- trade embargo on Megara Athenian control over trade and resources Thebes attacked Plataea, bringing everyone into the war Sparta burned farms and fields around Athens

Events of the war Start of the 2nd Peloponnesian War Sicilian Expedition Aegospotami -431 B.C.E. -Alliances created -Thebes attacked Plataea -Sparta decided to invade Attica (area around Athens) -Burned farms, chopped down olive trees and vineyards -Plague hits Athens -Campaign of Corinth (naval victory for Athens) -415 B.C.E. -Starts up the Peloponnesian Wars again -Invasion by Athens of Sicily -Led by Nicias -Complete disaster and victory for Sparta and Syracuse -Athenian fleet routed -Naval battle - Nicias executed -405 B.C.E. near Hellespont -War continues and both sides see victories -Naval Battle won by Sparta -Sparta given ships, timber and money from Persia -Lysander (Spartan Commander) 170 Athenian ships captured on the beach 3000 soldiers captured Ended the 2nd Peloponnesian War

Final Outcome Athens surrendered and asked for peace Athens had to Destroy the Long Walls Couldn’t rebuild a fleet of more than 12 ships Pay tribute to Sparta Recognize Sparta as the Greek Power Weakened all Greek City-States including Sparta