1. ANCIENT GREECE 1

5. Greek Geography 5

6. The City-states of Ancient Greece6

7. ATHENS
POLIS
ACROPOLIS 7

8. Where did Athens get its name?
The Parthenon
The Goddess Athena 8

9. How was Athens’ democracy different from ours?
Athens had a direct democracy where all citizens could meet in the Assembly and vote on laws.
The United States has a representative democracy where we elect officials to make decisions for us. 9

10. How else was Athens’ democracy different from ours?
Athens had a more limited democracy
Why? Who couldn’t vote?
Slaves
Women
Men under 30
Many immigrants 10

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12. Spartan Society Military society Boys began training at the age of 7
Military service began at 20
Ate and slept at barracks until age 60
Women were also told to exercise…why? 12

13. The Olympics

14. How did 2 city-states become so powerful?
By defeating Persia in the Persian Wars
Battle of Marathon – Athens defeats Persians
Battle of Thermopylae – 300 Spartans help to hold off Persians while Athens builds a navy
Battle of Salamis – Persian fleet is destroyed 14

15. Why was this victory so important?
IT WAS THE TURNING POINT IN WESTERN CIVILIZATION!!!
Without this victory, democracy would ceased to exist. 15

16. What happened to Athens and Sparta?
Peloponnesian War
Delian League (Athens) v. Peloponnesian League (Sparta)
Both began messing with each other’s allies
Sparta’s side won, but everyone was weakened
This paved the way for the………………. 16

17. The Delian League Delian League Peloponnesian League
After defeating Persia, Athens and Sparta form alliances to protect themselves from another Persian attack.
Delian League
Athens and its allies.
Peloponnesian League
Sparta and its allies.

18. Athenian Imperialism
Over time, Athens began to abuse the other city-states in the Delian league…
Pericles used Delian League money for Athenian building projects.
Parthenon
Athens sacked and burned smaller city-states that attempted to withdraw.
Forced them to pay “tribute.”
Claimed that the “Persian threat is always near…”

19. Peloponnesian War - Beginning
In 431 B.C., Corinth and Megara are being threatened by Athens to join the Delian League.
Members of the Peloponnesian League
Sparta sends a message to Athens to “back down, or else…”
Remember:
Athens = Strong navy.
Sparta = Strong army.
What would you do?

20. The exciting conclusion…
The Athenians, led by Pericles, decide to stay within the walls of their city and rely on their navy.
The Spartans surround the city.
Two years go by…
A plague breaks out in the overly crowded city.
1/3 die, including Pericles.
War lasts for another 25 years.
Finally, Athens surrenders when its navy is destroyed in 405BC.

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22. The Macedonian Conquest
Alexander the Great was able to conquer the weakened city-states
He then conquered land all the way to India
He died undefeated in battle, but then his empire was split up (it was taken over by the Romans) 22

23. Philosophy Socrates Socratic questioning in search of Truth
Taught Plato
Death sentence – why? 23

24. Philosophy Plato Wrote the Republic
Favored aristocratic government run by the most intelligent
Philosopher-king 24

25. Philosophy
Aristotle
Studied biology, anatomy, physics, government, etc.
Tutored Alexander the Great 25

26. Mathematics Pythagoras Euclid Calculated the sides of a right triangle
Modern geometry 26

27. Science
Archimedes 27

28. Astronomy
Ptolemy
What’s wrong with this picture? 28

29. Drama
Comedy and Tragedy 29