Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5)

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Presentation transcript:

Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5) MACROMOLECULES Ch 5 in Campbell p. 32-38 in Holtzclaw

Macromolecules You must know: The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds. How to recognize the four biologically important organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) by their structural formulas. The cellular functions of all four organic compounds. The four structural levels that proteins can go through to reach their final shape (conformation) and the denaturing impact that heat and pH scale can have on protein structure.

Two important biochemical reactions: Dehydration Synthesis Hydrolysis

Dehydration Synthesis

Dehydration Synthesis Example – building a ‘disaccharide’

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis Example – digesting a ‘disaccharide’

Reversible!

Try This! How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long?

Try This! How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eight monomers long? Seven H2O

Four Types of Organic Compounds Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins

Carbohydrates Structure (monosaccharides: CnH2nOn) Cellular Function

Carbohydrates Structure (disaccharides) Cellular Function

Carbohydrates Structure (polysaccharides – cellulose) Cellular Function (structural support)

Carbohydrates Structure (polysaccharides – starch, glycogen) Cellular Function (energy storage)

Lipids Structure Cellular Function

Lipids Structure (neutral fat) Cellular Function (energy storage)

Lipids Structure (saturated fatty acids) Cellular Function

Lipids Structure (unsaturated fatty acids) Cellular Function

Lipids Structure (phospholipids) Cellular Function (cell membrane)

Lipids Structure (phospholipids) Cellular Function (cell membranes)

Lipids Structure (steroids) Cellular Function (structure, hormones)