Galileo’s Discoveries

Four Moons of Jupiter Using his telescope, he discovered four moons around Jupiter He named them the Medician Planets, after his patrons They are now known as Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto It proved the Copernican model If everything revolves around the earth, then there is no way that moons can revolve around Jupiter Proved that Copernicus’ idea were not only possible, but in fact plausible But this goes against what the Church has taught for a thousand years

Why do you think the church charged Galileo? Galileo’s Trial Why do you think the church charged Galileo?

Francis Bacon Criticized those who relied on classical thinkers ideas based on abstract theories without evidence. Encouraged experimentation and scientific observation.

Rene’ Descartes Encouraged scientists to reject old assumptions and teachings Mathematician who used math and logic to reason out the truth.

Descartes cont. Descartes began with a system of thought called Skepticism – to be a skeptic, you have to challenge everything you know Descartes decided to throw out anything that he could not prove to be true He was left with his doubt that he knew anything at all, or that anything could be true

Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy Newton Law of Gravity same force on earth and the universe Incorporated theories of Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo to create a theory to explain the order and design of the entire universe Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

Scientific Instruments Microscope Barometer & Thermometers -Fahrenheit and Celsius

Medicine and Chemistry Medicine & Anatomy : Humans are not Pigs, circulation system vaccinations, now a cure for smallpox Chemistry Boyle’s Law regarding gasses Purification of oxygen

And Where is God? Despite Newton’s insistence on math, early European scientists were usually very devout Christians They were not trying to get rid of God, or to stop worshipping him they saw their work as a way of explaining God’s ultimate plan