1. Scientific Revolution
Warm Up:
Work on HW Sheet using either notes, your textbook, or a reading guide.

2. How do we know what is true or false?
Before 1500 scholars mostly referred to either ancient Greek or Roman texts or the Bible
Scientific Revolution
New way of thinking about the world
Based on observations and question accepted beliefs

3. Medieval Views earth center of universe, called geocentric idea
Idea came from Aristotle
Ptolemy expanded view 2nd century
Earth special place in center

4. What led to the Scientific Revolution?
During the renaissance European explorers traveled Asia, Africa, and the Americas
New discoveries opened the possibility of new truths
Printing press helped spread ideas
New scientific research in math and astronomy

5. New Theories Heliocentric – Copernicus…planets revolve around sun
Church did not support idea
1601, Mathematician Johannes Kepler proved Copernicus ideas were true

6. New Theories Tycho Brahe
Carefully recorded the movement of the planets
Had tons of data

7. New Theories Johannes Kepler Assistant of Brahe’s
Laws of planetary motion
Elliptical orbits
Proved that Copernicus’ theory was true

8. New Theories Galileo Galilei Built his own telescope
Published his book of observations, Starry Messenger
Discoveries shattered previous thoughts
Theories supported Copernicus

9. Galileo Church condemned him…contradicted their ideas
Stood trial in 1633 and had to state that the earth stood motionless
Was placed under house arrest and died at home

10. Scientific Method Begins with a problem or question from observation
Next you form a hypothesis
Now the hypothesis must be tested
Finally the results are interpreted for form a new conclusion
Conclusion either proves or disproves the hypothesis

11. Francis Bacon Encouraged observation and experimentation
Called this the empiricism or experimental method

12. Rene’ Descarte Emphasized reasoning relied math and logic
“I think therefore I am”
Doubt everything until it proved by reason

13. Isaac Newton
Helped bring previous lines of thought together into theory of motion
Identified gravity
Three laws
All motion in nature can be measured and described mathematically
Published The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

14. Microscope Zacharias Janssen Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the Microscope (1590)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Used microscope to discover bacteria in tooth scrapping
Examined red blood cells for the first time (1670s)

15. Evangelista Torricelli
One of Galileo’s students
Invented the first mercury barometer (1643)
Used to measure pressure in the atmosphere, predict weather

16. Temperature Gabriel Fahrenheit (1714)
First thermometer using mercury in glass showed water freezing at 32 degrees F
Andres Celsius (1742)
Alternative scale for thermometer with water freezing at 0 degrees C

17. Medicine and the Human Body
Ancient Greek physician Galen studied pigs and assumed the human body worked the same way
Andres Vesalius proved Galen’s assumptions wrong
Book (1543)– On the Structure of the Human Body

18. Medicine and the Human Body
Edward Jenner
1700s invented a vaccine that prevented smallpox
Inoculation using cowpox

19. Chemistry Robert Boyle Use of scientific method in chemistry
Book- The Sceptical Chymist (1661)
Greatest contribution challenged Aristotle that the world was made up of 4 elements
Boyle states the world is made of particles joined together in different ways
Explains how volume, temperature, and pressure of gas affect each other

20. Review
What was the change in the ways people got their information/knowledge?

21. Review
How do the geocentric and heliocentric models of the universe differ?

22. Review
What are the main steps of the scientific method?

23. Match the person with their accomplishments
Robert Boyle
Galileo
Newton
Jenner
Copernicus
Kepler
Heliocentric model o the universe
Gravity
Founder of modern chemistry
Laws of planetary orbits, elliptical
Vaccine for smallpox
Built his own telescope