1. Chapter 19 Section 1: The Scientific Revolution

2. Geocentric Theory: idea that the earth is the center of the universe
the sun & stars revolve around it
1st proposed by Aristotle – 300’s BCE
Ideas promoted by the Roman Catholic Church

3. Scientific Revolution: change in European thought; 1500-1600’s
Called for:
Scientific observation
Experimentation
Questioning of traditional opinions
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4. Scientific Method: Logical 5 step method to gain knowledge
1.Identify the problem
2.Form a hypothesis
3.Experiments
4.Record the results
5.Analyze the results

5. Rene’ Descartes (1596-1650) All things should be doubted …
French philosopher, mathematician, scientist
All things should be doubted …
Until proved by reason
Became part of scientific method

6. Francis Bacon: English Scientist(1620’s)
The only true way to gain scientific knowledge is experimentation:
Observing
Measuring
Explaining
Verifying

7. Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)
Polish Astronomer
Proposed the heliocentric
(sun-centered) theory of the universe

8. Heliocentric theory:
The Sun is the center of the Universe and the earth and other planets rotate around it.

9. Copernicus’ Book contradicted Church teachings the everything rotated around the earth.

10. Johannes Kepler-German Mathematician
Proved that the planets orbited Around sun
In an oval/elliptical pattern

11. Galileo Galilei( )
Italian astronomer mathematician, physicists
Law of motion of falling objects
1st working telescope
Conflict with Roman Catholic Church

12. 1st Working Telescope

13. Galileo was brought up before Pope Urban VII and the Inquisition and spent the remainder of his life under “house arrest”

14. Isaac Newton(1642-1727) English Mathematician and natural philosopher
Discovered the law of gravity
Laws on physics of objects

15. Isaac Newton and others would soon help develop and new kind of math known as calculus
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16. Discoveries in Biology:
Andreas Veslaius
Flemish Doctor studied anatomy
Italian judge gave him bodies of executed criminals to dissect
Had artists draw pictures of for a book “The Working of the Human Body”(1543)

17. Dutch Scientist: Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Developed the microscope
1st to describe bacteria,
red blood cells yeast ect.

18. Robert Hooke: English Physicists and Inventor
1st to use the term “cell”

19. Robert Boyle “father” of Modern Chemistry
French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier – 1st periodic table

20. Progression of the Periodic Table