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Hover over a hexagon for more information The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Hover over a hexagon for more information Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Heart rate Short Term – This increases due to an increase in the demand of oxygen by the exercising muscles. Long Term – Resting heart rate decreases as the heart becomes more efficient through training. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Skin temperature Short Term – This increases due to an increased demand of oxygen by the exercising muscles. Long Term – Resting blood pressure decreases due to heart becoming more efficient through training. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Skin temperature Short Term – this increases as the heat generated by the muscles is carried in the blood to the surface of the skin to be released. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Stroke volume Short Term – This increases as more blood is pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction to satisfy the increased demand of oxygen. Long Term – This increases as the heart becomes stronger through training and able to pump more blood in one contraction. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Cardiac output Short Term – This increases because the heart rate and stroke volume increase to satisfy the increased demand of oxygen. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

The effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system Size of heart Long Term – This increases as the heart (cardiac muscle) gets bigger and therefore stronger through training. This is referred to as cardiac hypertrophy. Heart rate Size of heart Blood pressure Effects Cardiac output Skin temperature Stroke volume

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