The Health Risks of Tobacco Use Ms. Williams HS Health

The Addictive Drug Addictive drug- a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence Nicotine- the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves Stimulant- a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs

What is in Tobacco Smoke? Carcinogen- a cancer-causing substance Tobacco smoke contains Tar Carbon Monoxide Products found in the following: Paint Rat Poison Toilet Cleaner

Cigarette Smoke Contains… Tar- a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns Damages a smoker’s respiratory system by Paralyzing a destroying cilia (tiny hair-like structures that line the upper airways and protect against infection) Alveoli (air sacs which absorb oxygen and rid body of carbon dioxide) Lung tissue, which reduces lung function

Cigarette Smoke Contains… Carbon Monoxide- a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas Deprives the body’s tissues and cells of oxygen Increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, hardening of the arteries, and other circulatory problems

Pipes, Cigars, and Smokeless Tobacco Cigars contain significantly more nicotine and produce more tar and carbon monoxide than cigarettes. 1 cigar can contain as much nicotine as an entire pack of 20 cigarettes Pipe and cigar smokers increase the risk of developing cancers of the lip, mouth, throat, larynx, and esophagus

Smokeless Tobacco Smokeless Tobacco- tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed The nicotine and carcinogens in these products are absorbed into the blood through the mucous membranes in the mouth or the digestive tract.

Smokeless Tobacco Chemicals are absorbed into the body at levels up to 3 times the amount of a single cigarette Using smokeless tobacco also irritates the sensitive tissues of the mouth, causing leukoplakia Leukoplakia- thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer

Smokeless Tobacco Causes cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas Chew 8-10 plugs of tobacco a day=same amount of nicotine as someone who smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day Smokeless tobacco is just as addicting and difficult to quit as smoking cigarettes

Smokeless Tobacco http://whyquit.com/smokeless/smokeless_quitting_ti ps.html

Harmful Effects/Short-Term Effects Brain Chemically Changes- the addictive drug nicotine causes the body to crave more. Withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, nervousness, and trembling can occur as soon as 30 minutes after the last tobacco use Respiration and Heart Rate Increases- breathing during physical activity becomes difficult and endurance is decreased. Nicotine may cause irregular heart beats

Harmful effects/Short-Term Effects Taste buds are dulled and appetite is reduced- tobacco users often loose much of their ability to enjoy food Users have bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair, skin, and clothes- these unattractive things may become permanent after any length of time using tobacco

Harmful Effects/Long-Term Effects Chronic Bronchitis- can occur when the cilia in the bronchi becomes so damaged that they are useless. This leads to buildup tar in the lungs, causing chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion Emphysema- destroys the tiny air sacs in the lungs. The air sacs become less elastic, making it difficult for the lungs to absorb oxygen. Having this disease at an advanced level causes a person to use 80% of their energy to breathe.

Harmful Effects/ Long-Term Effects Lung Cancer- when cilia in the bronchi are destroyed and extra mucus cannot be expelled. Cancerous cells can multiply, block the bronchi, and move to the lungs 90% of lung cancer deaths are from smoking.

Harmful Effects/Long-Term Effects Coronary heart disease and stroke- Can be caused by nicotine. Nicotine constricts blood vessels, which cuts blood flow to the limbs Plaque buildup in blood vessels, which can lead to hardened arteries. Arteries may become clogged, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke The risk of developing heart disease is greater for smokers than for nonsmokers.

Harmful Effects/Long-Term Effects A weakened immune system- from long-term tobacco use it can make the body more vulnerable to disease Lung Cancer……………………………………….…..123,800 deaths Other Cancers………………………,……….………34,700 deaths Chronic Lung Disease…………………………….90,600 deaths Coronary Heart Disease…………………………86,800 deaths Stroke……………………………………………………..17,400 deaths Other Diagnoses…………………………………….84,600 deaths Estimated annual number of smoking related deaths in the US

Resources Bonson, M. (2009). Glencoe health. Woodland Hills: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill.