The Middle Ages Periodization Early Middle Ages: 400 – 900 Bell Work: Why do you think historians have divided up the Middle Ages into THREE smaller parts? Periodization Early Middle Ages: 400 – 900 High Middle Ages: 900 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

Europe in the 6th century What conclusions can we draw from the map?

What conclusions can draw from the diagram The Medieval Manor What conclusions can draw from the diagram about manorialism?

Feudalism A legal and military system of structuring society around relationships based on the holding of land in exchange for service OR labor. Where does the Pope go? What type of feudalism existed in the Early Middle Ages with exception of Charlemagne? Why?

A Medieval Castle

The Medieval Catholic Church The only recognized religion was Christianity, in the form of the Catholic religion.  From birth to death, whether you were a peasant, a serf, a noble a lord or a King - life was dominated by the church. Go over questions from bell work.

A Medieval Monk’s Day

The Carolingian Dynasty Clovis Charles Martel Charlemagne

Pope Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

The Carolingian Rule under Charlemagne What do these images show about the Kingdom of the Franks under Charlemagne?

Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses after his death in 814 Divided amongst his 3 sons  led to the Holy Roman Empire

What were the reasons why the Dark ages drew to a close and the High Middle Ages came about? In the 900s, a series of developments occurred which brought new strength to the Middle Ages New Agricultural Techniques a.) Moldboard Plow b.) 3 field system c.) horse collar Viking invasions began to taper off a.) gov’ts militaries became stronger to fight them off b.) some settled down and converted to Christianity

The High Middle Ages 900-1250

Pope Urban II: Calling for the Crusades at the Council of Clermont in 1095

Crusades 1090s to 1290s

William the Conqueror: Battle of Hastings, 1066

Growth of Centralized Feudalism and the evolution of England’s Political System Henry I: William’s son. set up a court system. set up department of royal finances. Henry II: established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom. (What do law codes do for people in an area?) grand jury. trial by jury.

Magna Carta, 1215 “Great Charter” monarchs were not above the law nobles still had feudal rights that king must uphold kings had to consult a council of advisors. kings could not tax arbitrarily. Will lead to the development the Parliament in the 1300s

Medieval Trade

Medieval Town Dwellings

Romanesque Architecture Developed before the High Middle Ages Rounded arches Thick walls Dark simple interiors Small windows, usually up high

Gothic Architectural Style Pointed arches. Thinner walls. Flying buttresses. Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. Stained-glass windows. “Flying” Buttresses

Which is which?

Medieval Universities

Oxford University

The Late Middle Ages 1250-1500

Commercial Revolution Began in the 1300s What does Commercial mean? Trade and business What wealth is starting to replace LAND? Money $ What is money used for investment called? capital  led to capitalism How does the economy differ from the Early Middle Ages? Self-sufficient v. interaction What occurred between the Early Middle Ages and the Late Middle Ages to bring on this change? HIGH MIDDLE AGES Agricultural Revolution, Crusades, Centralized Feudalism and outside influences…. Impact of Crusades and Mongols

Medieval Guilds Controlled membership apprentice  journeyman  master craftsman Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. Controlled prices Artisans and merchants became members of guilds Essentially, what did guilds control? Towns and cities Who gave merchants permission to run the towns?  Monarchies became stronger…centralized monarchies

The Beginnings of the British Parliament An example of how influential members of society were working to make sure they still had a say in government as monarchies were becoming more powerful… by 1400, two chambers (houses) evolved: House of Lords  nobles & clergy. House of Commons  knights and burgesses (middle class).

Hundred Years War 1347-1453 War between France and England over land Lasted more than 100 years largely because in was a series of battles unveiling new military technology as well as being fought as the Bubonic Plague was devastating Europe

The French Win!

What’s Next? A Closer look at the Crusades ~ A day of DEBATE A Day on the Plague TEST