1. Test will be Monday October 12!!!
Chapter 5 Test Review
Test will be Monday October 12!!!

2. Excommunication
To kick out of the church

3. Magna Carta
Document that limited the power of the king over his nobles in England in 1215.

4. Serf
Peasants who were considered to be part of the manor. Mostly farm workers.

5. Manor
Large estate often including farms and a village. Ruled by a lord.

6. Feudalism
A system in which land was owned by kings or lords but help by vassals in return their loyality
Government system during the Middle Ages

7. Pilgrim
A person who journeys to a sacred place

8. Apprentice
An unpaid worker being trained in a craft or trade

9. Middle Ages The years between ancient and modern times.
Started after the fall of the Roman Empire

10. Guild
A medieval organization of crafts workers or tradespeople.

11. Clergy
Persons with authority to perform religious services

12. Model Parliament
A council of lords, clergy, and common people that advised the English king on government matters.

13. Crusades
A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy Land back from Muslim control.

14. Pope Urban II - What were his goals?
He was the Pope that called all of Europe to fight in the crusades.
His goals were
1. He wanted the Holy land to be under the control of Christians.
2. He wanted Christian pilgrims to be able to visit Jerusalem and other religious site.
3. Thought it would unite Europeans against a common enemy.
4. Hope to gain power and prestige for himself and the Church

15. Joan of Arc - Who did she lead? What battle was she in?
A Peasant girl that took charge of the French forces and became a general.
Fought in the Battle of Orleans.
Under her command, the French defeated the English. She then led her forces to victory in other battles.
The French saw her as a martyr and her death inspired them to many victories.

16. A Lord’s responsibilities
Ruled over the manor.
A lord depended on the wealth of his manor.
He made the rules and acted as the judge. He decided who would oversee the farming and other daily work.
He collected taxes from the peasants who lived on the manor.
He protected his people and lands

17. A knight’s responsibilities
Protect the king
Would be a squire and help a knight before becoming a knight

18. A serf’s responsibilities
Lived a very hard life.
Farmed the fields
Peasants lived in one-room huts that often had only a single opening for a window.

19. Be able to explain the power structure during the Middle Ages.
Church
King
Knights
Lords
serfs

20. Why did kings support new towns as feudalism declined?
Kings began to support the new towns in exchange for money.
Kings agreed to protect towns and made laws to help towns grow rich.
Then with the money paid by townspeople kings hired armies and used them to attack troublesome nobles.

21. What problems did new and growing cities face?
Overcrowding and disease