Thursday 11/6/14 AIM: Why do organisms perform cellular respiration? DO NOW: How does your body get the energy it needs?

What is RESPIRATION?? process by which a cell breaks down food (glucose) and changes the energy stored in food into a more usable form (ATP). **it occurs in the cells of ALL ORGANISMS ! There are 2 Types of respiration… 1. Aerobic 2. Anaerobic

What is AEROBIC Respiration?? AEROBIC = with oxygen process of breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce a lot of energy (36 ATP’s). **occurs only in the presence of OXYGEN !! Formula: Glucose + oxygen + water→ carbon dioxide + water + 36 ATP C6H12O6 + H2O +O2 CO2 + H2O + 36 ATP

What are REACTANTS? substances that go INTO a reaction. Reactants for aerobic resp : Glucose – from food ingested. Oxygen – from the environment Water – from the environment

What are PRODUCTS? substances that are produced by a reaction. Products of aerobic resp: CO2 – - waste product that is excreted into the environment. H20 – - waste product that is excreted into the environment.

- high energy compound that is used to fuel cell processes. ATP - high energy compound that is used to fuel cell processes. What is cellular respiration? Write down New Vocab words!

Where does it occur in the cell? **it occurs in the MITOCHONDRIA of all organisms !

What is ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION (or FERMENTATION)? ANAEROBIC = without oxygen process that produces a smaller amount of energy (2 ATP’s) by breaking down glucose WITHOUT OXYGEN! ** occurs when oxygen IS NOT available! There are 2 TYPES…

produces alcohol as an end product. Formula: 1. ALCOHOL FERMENTATION produces alcohol as an end product. Formula: Glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide + 2ATP + heat C6H12O6 → alcohol + CO2 + 2 ATP + heat

What organisms perform alcohol fermentation? YEAST – used to make bread & cakes and alcohol (beer, wine, etc.)

2. LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION produces lactic acid as a waste product. Formula: Glucose → lactic acid + carbon dioxide + 2ATP C6H12O6 → lactic acid + CO2 + 2 ATP

What organisms perform Lactic Acid fermentation? HUMANS – muscle cells perform it for quick, short term energy. BACTERIA - occurs in bacteria and is important in the dairy industry for the production of cheeses and yogurt.

Compare Aerobic to Anaerobic No Oxygen used Uses Oxygen Produces 2 ATP Produces 36 ATP Occurs in the Mitochondria Occurs in the cytoplasm Produces Carbon dioxide and water Produces Carbon dioxide and Alcohol or Carbon dioxide and Lactic acid