Chapter 1 Section 3; Societies of Europe

The Feudal System Lord – owned land Vassal – given land in exchange for military service Serf – peasant or slave Little to no travel or trade

The Crusades: 1095 - 1291 Christians attempt to take Holy Land from Muslims Effects on Travel/Trade: New roads Sailing technology New products Spices Diamonds Fruits Gun powder

The “Silk Road”

Bubonic Plague (The Black Death) 1340’s Nearly 2/3 of Europe’s population killed (20-50 million) Feudal system over; workers seek better pay/land Increased need for direct trade routes

Renaissance – 1300’s – 1600’s “rebirth” Humanism – focus on the earthly self rather than church New art, literature, architecture Navigation improves: Ships Tools Nautical star charts

Inventions and discovery Printing press: device that mechanically printed pages Currents: North Atlantic South Atlantic

Reformation: movement that divided the Christian church between Catholics and Protestants Religious groups began to persecute, or mistreat, others Motivated many Protestants to migrate to other areas.