1. Global Interactions Review #5
Explain the Meaning of this Title:
As diverse cultures interact
(Trade, War, Migration) 
New ideas spread and are adopted

2. Nomadic group who established the largest Empire in history
Causes
What is it?
Effects
From steppes (dry, Central Asian grasslands) nomadic herders who easily adapted to environment
Strategic Military tactics
Use of the stirrup
Rise of Mongols
Provided stability extensive trade on Silk Roadcultural diffusion and progress  spread of Black Death
Isolated Russia during Renaissance
Marco Polo’s travels wrote about Mongol Empire
Nomadic group who established the largest Empire in history

3. Causes What is it? Effects
Muslim Crusaders sacked Jerusalem
Willing to fight for holy land (of Muslims, Christians and Jews)
Serfs willing to leave fiefs for promise of land and heaven
** Trade increases between Europe and Asia**
Cultural diffusion!
Decline of Middle Ages
Start of Commercial Revolution  Renaissance
Crusades
Series of holy wars fought between Muslims and Christians at end of Middle Ages ( s

4. Causes What is it? Effects
In early 1300s the plague appeared in Chinese cities – carried by rats thru crowded cities
Fleas from rats infested traders in the East, who then carried the plague to the Middle East, North Africa, & Italy
Shortage of workers
Farm & Industrial Production decline
Prices rise
Growth of cities
Decline of Feudalism & Rise of Monarchs
Black Death
Bubonic plague was a highly contagious disease spread by the fleas that lived on rats (1300s onward)

5. The Commercial Revolution
Causes
What is it?
Effects
TRADE INCREASED!
Growth of middle class
Rise of capitalism
Creation of banks and guilds
End of feudalism
Beginning of Renaissance
The Commercial Revolution
A major turning point in Europe that ended the Middle Ages and began a new era of trade and prosperity
Crusades  Trade between East and West
Growth of towns and the middle class of merchants

6. Causes Effects Age of Exploration What is it?
Mercantilism:
Encomienda System:
Columbian Exchange:
Triangular Trade/Middle Passage:
Age of Exploration
Global trade centers around Atlantic (not Med. Sea)
Beginning of European dominance in world
Americas imperialized
Desire to find cheaper trade routes not under Ottoman control
Invention of gun powder
Invention of printing press  better navigation technology (astrolabe, caravel)
Political Stability
Spain and Portugal lead exploration
A period beginning in the 1400s of European exploration of the world  “Discovery” of the Americas
Established by Spain in Latin America to create a favorable Balance of Trade
System of forced labor upon natives and mixed race
New exchange of products, goods and disease between Americas and Europe
African Slaves  Americas  goods/material to Europe