Endings Are Everything The Cases of Latin Nouns

Nouns are the names of persons places or things.

Uses of a noun: Subject – tells who is doing the action. It usually is found at the beginning of the sentence. The farmer loves the girl

Uses of a noun: Predicate nominative – renames the subject. It always follows a linking verb (be am is are was were and been). My father is a farmer.

Uses of a noun: Direct object – follows an action verb and tells whom or what receives the action. The girl loves (whom?) The girl loves the farmer. The girl loves (what?) The girl loves chocolate.

(Indirect obj) (Direct obj) Uses of a noun: Indirect object – follows a verb of giving, telling, and showing. It tells to whom or for whom something was given, told or shown. If there is an indirect object there must be a direct object. The girl gave the farmer a horse. (Indirect obj) (Direct obj)

Uses of a noun: Possessive – shows ownership I saw the farmer’s daughter.

(preposition) (object) Uses of a noun: Object of preposition – Follows a preposition. I went with the farmer. (preposition) (object)

Uses of a noun: In English the usage of the noun is determined by its position in the sentence. Example: The farmer loves the girl. In this sentence farmer is the subject. The girl loves the farmer. In this sentence farmer is the direct object. The only difference in the sentences is the position of the nouns.

In Latin, the use of the noun is determined by its ending, not its place in the sentence. There are five cases: Nominative - subject and predicate nominative Genitive – possession Dative - indirect object Accusative - direct object Ablative - the preposition

In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun. Case Singular Plural Nominative a ae Genitive ae arum Dative ae is Accusative am as Ablative a is Example: agricolarum = plural genitive = farmers’ (possessive)

Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences, choose the correct form for farmer. The farmers love the horses. A. agricolae B. agricolam C. agricolas D. agricolarum NEXT

I saw the farmer. agricola agricolam agricolae agricolas Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences choose the correct form for farmer. I saw the farmer. agricola agricolam agricolae agricolas NEXT

This is the farmer’s house. agricolis agricolam agricolae agricola Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences choose the correct form for farmer. This is the farmer’s house. agricolis agricolam agricolae agricola NEXT

I gave the farmers the horse. agricolas agricolis agricolae Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences choose the correct form for farmer. I gave the farmers the horse. agricolas agricolis agricolae agricolarum NEXT

The poet is a farmer. agricolam agricolae agricolarum agricola Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences choose the correct form for farmer. The poet is a farmer. agricolam agricolae agricolarum agricola NEXT

I went with the farmer. agricola agricolae agricolis agricolas Agricola is the Latin word for farmer. In the following sentences choose the correct form for farmer. I went with the farmer. agricola agricolae agricolis agricolas NEXT

In a Latin sentence endings determine the use of the noun. Click on the subject of the following sentence. Puellam agricolae amant. NEXT

In a Latin sentence endings determine the use of the noun. Click on the possessive in the following sentence. Casa agricolae est in Italia. What is the case of Italia? Nominative Genitive Dative Ablative NEXT

Click on the indirect object. Agricolae puellis aquam dant (give). The correct translation for this sentence is: a. The girls give water to the farmers. b. The farmers give the girls water. c. Water is being given to the girls by the farmer. d. Water is being given to the farmer by the girls.