The Cold War STAAR EOC
What was the Cold War?
An ideological conflict between the U.S. and Soviet Union
What is the difference between communism and Democracy?
In a democracy the people rule In communism the government has total control
What is a command economy?
The government controls the economy
What is a Market Economy?
The consumer controls production The people can own private property and make a profit
What did the Iron Curtain symbolize?
The ideological conflict and physical boundaries between eastern and western Europe
What is a containment policy?
A policy created by the U. S A policy created by the U.S. and allies to stop the spread of communism
What were the three containment policies created after WWII?
Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan NATO
What was the Truman Doctrine?
A U.S. warning to the Soviet Union to stay away from our Western allies
A U.S. warning to the Soviet Union to stay away from our Western allies
What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?
To provide financial assistance to US allies in Western Europe after WWII
What was the purpose of NATO?
The U.S. and allies would place troops and bases in Western Europe to protect against communist threat
What happened to Germany after WWII?
It was divided between the Allied Powers and the Soviet Union
What type of government did the Soviet Union establish in East Germany?
communism
What was the Berlin Airlift?
Soviets blockaded Berlin and so the US airlifted supplies until the Soviets removed the blockade
Why did the Soviets build the Berlin Wall?
To keep East germans from leaving East Germany
Who was the leader of communist China?
Mao Zedong
What is the Domino Theory?
countries that border a strong communist country will eventually become communist
When was the Korean War fought?
1950-1953
Why did the U.S. get involved in the Korean War?
They wanted to stop North Korea from spreading communism into South Korea
What was the result of the Korean War?
A demilitarized zone kept North Korea communist and South Korea a democracy
Why did the US get involved in the Vietnam War?
To stop communist North Vietnam from spreading communism into South Vietnam
When did the U.S. get involved in the Vietnam War?
In 1964 after the North Vietnamese torpedoed an American ship in the Gulf of Tonkin
Who was President when the US got involved in the Vietnam War?
Lyndon B. Johnson
What was the TET Offensive?
Vietcong launched massive assault in South Vietnam-a turning point in favor of North Vietnam
What was President Richard Nixon’s policy of Vietnamization?
The slow withdrawal of US troops from South Vietnam
What was the result of the Vietnam War?
After the US took out troops, South Vietnam fell to communism
What is nuclear deterrence?
The U.S. built up their nuclear arsenal to stop the Soviets from using their nuclear weapons against us
What is Nuclear proliferation?
The spread of nuclear weapons, technology, and information to countries not recognized as nuclear weapon states
Who was the leader of communist Cuba?
Fidel Castro
What happened during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
The Soviets sent nuclear missiles to Cuba that were aimed at the U.S.
Who was president during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
John F. kennedy
What was the result of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
JFK ordered the Soviets to remove the missiles from Cuba
Who launched Sputnik I into space in 1957?
The Soviet Union
How did Sputnik impact the Space Race between the Soviets and the U.S.?
The U.S. began its own space program, improved space technology, and created jobs
Who accused innocent Americans of being communists during the Cold War?
Senator Joseph McCarthy
What was the purpose of the House Un-American Activities Committee?
To conduct loyalty checks on suspected communists in the U.S.
Who was executed for selling national secrets to the Soviets?
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
What were the Venona papers?
Proof that the Rosenbergs were guilty of spying for the Soviets