Mr. Meester AP European History Pages: 504-510 The Rise of Cities Mr. Meester AP European History Pages: 504-510

Preindustrial Urbanization Major cities in Europe saw considerable growth during the 18th century Capitals and Ports grew the most during the 1st half of the 1700’s During the 2nd half of the century the growth of smaller towns exceeded that of the large cities 18th Century London

18th Century Cities Distinct social classes emerged in the cities The Aristocracy & Upper middle class lived in luxury Artisans lived were they worked The poor life slums by the river Poverty was extremely visible in the cities Public Executions were common

The Upper Class Were at the top of the Urban social structure Made up of Nobles and Rich commononers Generally controlled the political and economic affairs in town

Middle Class The most diverse class made up of people of many different professions They were the reason for the consumption revolution Their relationship with the other classes was complex

Artisans & Working Class This class made up the largest single class in the cities They were economically vulnerable than the other classes The guilds traditionally played a large role in their lives

Urban Riots A common type of urban unrest was the Bread Riot Religion was another common reason to riot In the last half of the century Politics became a main cause The Gordon Riots

Jewish Ghettos Most European Jews lived in Eastern Europe In most nations Jews did not enjoy equal rights and privileges Under the Old Regime Jews lived in separate communities from Non-jews These Communities were known as Ghettos Via Rua in Ghetto