1. Effects of the Industrial Revolution

2. Urbanization Small villages  towns and cities Crowded buildings
the change from rural countryside to dense cities
Small villages  towns and cities
Crowded buildings
Poor sewage or sanitation system
Rotting garbage
Disease

3. PROBLEMS FACED BY INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
Poor Working Conditions.
Working was often extremely hazardous.
There were few safeguards around machinery.
Thousands of workers were
injured or killed in accidents each
year.
Long Hours.
Working hours were very long.
Employees faced a six-day week
with between 10 and 14 hours of
work a day.
Boring, Repetitive Tasks.
As industrialists sought to achieve
greater speed & efficiency, the worker
became nothing more than a human machine.
Work became less skilled, more repetitive
monotonous and boring.
(tedious work)
PROBLEMS FACED BY INDUSTRIAL WORKERS
Low Wages.
Employers hired the cheapest
possible laborers.
Women and children were especially low-paid.
Child laborers missed sunshine,
fresh air, play and the chance to
better their lives through schooling.
Lack of Security.
The worker could be fired at
any time for any reason.
There was no unemployment
insurance, health insurance,
old-age pensions, paid holidays
or paid sick days.

4. Child Labor Reasons for Child Labor Paid Less Money $
2. Easier to Control
3. Can Fit into Smaller
Places

6. Breaker Boys

9. Big Business
Corporations – many investors own shares called stocks. (RRs, cars, steel, energy, telegraph and telephone)
As industries grew, some businesses wanted to eliminate competition.
Monopoly – A company or group of companies that has complete control over a particular field of business.
Why are monopolies bad for consumers?

10. Reactions to the Industrial Revolution
Labor Unions: organization [created] to protect the workers.
Workers were beaten, worked long hours, in poor conditions, for little pay.
Collective Bargaining: negotiation between an employer and trade union Legislation
Socialism
Marxism/Communism

11. Reactions to Conditions in Factories
Parliament Legislation
Factory Act of 1833: Limited the working day for children.
B/w ages 9 and 13 boys and girls could not work longer than 8 hour days.
For children age 14 to 18, the limit was 12 hour days.
1842 Mines Act: Made it illegal to hire women to work in mines.
Made 13 minimum age to hire boys.

12. Effects of the Industrial Revolution

13. Effects of the Industrial Revolution
Positive Effects
New technology (steam engine, cotton gin, etc.)
Cheaper prices- people can buy more stuff!
Rise of the middle class
Urbanization- growth of cities and large towns (good and bad!)
Improved transportation
Labor Unions to protect people’s rights
Negative Effects
Imperialism- taking over of new territory for more raw materials (good for mother country, bad for colony)
Poor working conditions in factories
Rise of child labor
Increase in urban poverty
Slums
New Economic and Political ideologies emerge (Socialism, Communism, and Capitalism)