1. Was life in a town better than life on a manor?
Answer the three questions at the top of your sheet using pages in the text

2. Wooden Vs Iron Plow

3. Three Field System

4. LEGUMES!

5. Growth of Trade and Towns
Increased population, less warfare, and desire for new goods increased trade
Goods from the East arrived in Northern Italian cities like Venice, and were then brought by land and sea to Northern Europe, where trade was growing.
Small temporary trade fairs evolved into permanent towns and then cities
See map on page 232

6. Starting a Town
Most new towns were set up by merchants, who formed merchant organizations called guilds, which also ran the town
Charter- document from Lord or King giving people permission to have a town on the Lord’s (or King’s) land

7. Commercial Revolution
Increase in trade = increase in money use
Europeans borrowed ideas from Muslim merchants such as
Partnerships- groups of people pooling together capital (money for investment) to pay for large-scale projects
Letters of Credit- Pieces of paper that could be exchanged for money at banks in many cities
Banks form to lend money, but interest was seen as a sin by the church, so Jews became known (and hated) for being money lenders

8. The Middle Class New rank between nobles and peasants
Included merchants, artisans, bankers
Disliked by nobles and clergy
Sign of a stronger economy

10. Guilds- Associations of merchants and artisans made to protect their economic interests. Merchant guilds ran towns Similar role to unions today

11. Guild Apprenticeship Apprentice trains with Guild Master
After 7 years becomes Journeyman- someone whose training is complete and is qualified to work
Only the best become Guild Masters