A Review PowerPoint Language Arts 10

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Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

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A Review PowerPoint Language Arts 10 Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development In connection with “Choices” in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird A Review PowerPoint Language Arts 10

Lawrence Kohlberg American Psychologist Developed a sequence of stages of moral reasoning about right and wrong Kohlberg was not interested in the response of right and wrong, but in the reasoning behind the decision

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning Kohlberg divided moral development into three levels and six stages. Each level is a different stage of moral reasoning

Level 1: Preconventional Moral Reasoning Judgment is based on personal needs and others’ rules. Stage 1: Punishment-Obedience Orientation Rules are obeyed to avoid punishment. A good or bad action is determined by its physical consequences. Authority figures determine standards. Stage 2: Personal Reward Orientation Personal needs determine right and wrong. Favors are returned along the lines of “You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.” Eye for eye, same for all, treat all the same. Focused on fairness.

Level 1: Preconventional Moral Reasoning Punishment-Obedience Good or bad is determined by physical consequences Personal Reward I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine

Level 2: Conventional Moral Reasoning Judgment is based on others’ approval, family expectations, traditional values, the laws of society, and loyalty to country. Stage 3: Good Boy – Nice Girl Orientation Good means “nice.” It is determined by what pleases, aids, and is approved by others. Considers own feelings (conscience) and feelings of others. Puts oneself in other’s shoes. Follows stereotypes of right behavior of majority. Stage 4: Laws and Order Orientation Laws are absolute. Authority must be respected and the social order maintained. Rigid, fixed rules are hard to change. Respect for authority and majority rule.

Level 2: Conventional Moral Reasoning Good-Boy Nice-Girl These two are dressed appropriately for work to please themselves and others Laws and Order Make sure to obey these signs!

Level 3: Postconventional Moral Reasoning Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation Good is determined by socially agreed-upon standards of individual rights. Standards of behavior are critically examined and socially agreed upon. Law can be changed for the benefit of society. Making decisions for the greater good. Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation Good and right are matters of individual conscience and involve abstract concepts of justice, human dignity, and equality.

TKM Discussion: Miss Gates Scenario (plot): Miss Gates is prejudice against blacks, but when Cecil Jacobs presents his article about Hitler persecuting the Jews, she says that prejudice is wrong.

TKM Discussion: Miss Gates What was the decision or choice Miss Gates made?

TKM Discussion: Miss Gates What Kohlberg level and stage of moral reasoning is Miss Gates at?

TKM Discussion: Miss Gates Explain how Miss Gates’ decision fits into the Kohlberg stage

Your Test Chart will look like this: Character Plot Decision Made Kohlberg Level and Stage Explanation of Kohlberg stage This will be filled in

You will be able to use your Kohlberg Hand-out on the test! Study Study your Kohlberg Hand-out Study your Kohlberg Survey Study your Kohlberg Scenario example You will be able to use your Kohlberg Hand-out on the test!