Reproduction Chapter 2 Lesson 1

What are sexual and asexual reproduction The production of a new organisms from TWO parents Sperm cell- male Egg cell- female Allow for variation amongst species. The fertilized egg carries traits from both parents The production of a new organism from a single parent Offspring is identical to parent Genetic information is not mixed= NO variation

How do organisms reproduce asexually? SPLITTING- most unicellular protists and bacteria reproduce by splitting into two cells BUDDING- some organisms, including cnidarians, sponges, and some fungi, reproduce this way. A small part of the parent’s body grows into a tiny and complete version of the parent and eventually the bud breaks off VEGETATIVE PROPOGRATION- occurs in plants that produce new plants from leaves, roots, or stems. Runners are used which are plant stems that lie on or under the ground and sprout up as new plants Strawberry plants, aspen trees, ferns, and most grasses can reproduce by growing runners

How do plants and animals reproduce? When plants and animals reproduce sexually, a fertilized egg develops into an embryo (the beginning of a new offspring SEEDS & FRUIT- many plants reproduce sexually FLOWERS- are the reproductive structure of many plants FERTILIZATION- occurs in the ovary of a flower SEED- is the packaged embryo ANIMALS- reproduce sexually and begin as fertilized egg cells that develop into embryos Some animals, such as birds and reptiles, develop inside eggs. Some mammals lay eggs (platypus) as do most fish and amphibians

How do fungi reproduce? Yeast are unicellular fungi and reproduce by budding FRUITING BODIES- fungal structures that produce spores SPORES- can grow into new fungi Spores are the reproductive cells that are produced through cell division Many fungi release their spores through a process called sporulation. These can be carried by the wind, animals, or rain MOLD also produces spores