1. 2.6 Cell Division and Asexual Reproduction

2. Reproduction
2 TYPES:
Sexual : 2 separate organisms (parents) contribute genetic information, usually in specialized sex cells (egg and sperm).
Asexual: involves only 1 parent & all offspring identical to parent (clones)

3. ASEXUAL SEXUAL

4. Types of Asexual Reproduction
There are 5 main methods:
1. Binary Fission:
Result is 2 smaller, equal-sized offspring
Method of reproduction for single-celled organisms (e.g. bacteria, ameoba, algae

5. Offspring begins as small growth on parent, called a bud
2. Budding:
Offspring begins as small growth on parent, called a bud
The bud continues to undergo cell division & grows in size before it breaks off.
e.g. yeast, hydra

6. 3. Vegetative Reproduction: Occurs in plants
Some plants, such as strawberries send out runners (horizontal stems along surface of soil)

7. Part of an animal breaks off and grows into a new organism.
4. Fragmentation:
Part of an animal breaks off and grows into a new organism.
e.g. Sea Stars
must contain part of the central disk in order to produce a new organism.
The original parent can also regrow the lost part (called regeneration)
e.g. lizards

8. 5. Spore Formation:
Spores are cells with thick cell walls, and are similar to seeds but are produced by cell division and they grow into genetically identical offspring.
E.g. fungi, algae, and non-flowering plants (ferns), and some bacteria

9. Characteristics of Asexual Reproduction
Only one organism needed to reproduce
All organism are genetically identical to each other and parent
Single organism can produce large numbers of offspring