General Safety & Health Knowledge Your Employability Skills General Safety & Health Knowledge Instructors:

Introduction to Safe Thinking, Safety Awareness, Attitude Safety is the Control or Elimination of Recognized Hazards to an Acceptable Level of Risk. Why have a Safety Program to Prevent Injuries? Companies moral obligation to employees Personal cost to employee ( emotional, physical, financial) Law- OSHA requires it in the workplace Good business- cost of injuries & illnesses

What is an Occupational Injury/ Illness? Injury- Any injury that happens instantaneously from a single exposure or work accident ( cut, fracture, sprain, amputation, etc.) Illness- Any illness that occurs over a period of exposures. It includes acute and chronic illnesses or diseases.

The Cost of Injuries and Illnesses Direct costs Medical expenses Compensation for lost wages Indirect Costs Down time to obtain medical care Loss of production Increased cost of insurance premiums Overtime to cover for employee not available Poor morale and attitudes

What Causes Accidents? An incident that is an unplanned, uncontrolled event. It may or may not result in injury or property damage or loss of product. Unsafe Acts- Not using protective equipment, failing to fallow procedures, & horseplay. Unsafe conditions- Inadequate safety devices (guarding), poor housekeeping, & hazardous conditions (noise or dust). Both can be attributed to ATTITUDE and BEHAVIOR! Unsafe acts can create unsafe conditions. Severity is matter of luck.

THE ACCIDENT PROCESS Contributing Causes: LACK OF SAFETY EFFORTS BY SUPERVIOR & ORGANIZATION Setting Poor Example Lack of Training Inadequate Standards & Procedures Poor Enforcement & Feedback Allowing or Encouraging Risk Taking Employee’s Mental Condition Lack of Knowledge Poor Motivation Slow Mental Reaction Confused, Inattentive Upset, Angry EMPLOYEE’S PHYSICAL CONDITION Fatigued High Muscle Tension Ill, Injured Physical Limitation Sensory Limitation

Major Injury Property Damage Immediate Causes Unsafe Acts Unsafe Conditions Not Using Protective Equipment Inadequate Safety Devices Using Broken or Improper Tools Inadequate Warning System Horseplay Poor Housekeeping Operating at Unsafe Speed Hazardous Conditions Failing to Follow Safe Procedures ACCIDENT Costs Major Injury Property Damage Lost Time Minor Injury Production Delays

How Can A Hazardous Material Enter The Body? Inhalation- breathing the chemical into your lungs (Dust, Fumes, or Gases) Ingestion- swallowing the chemical (Dust, Fumes, or Mists) Absorption- chemical absorbed through the skin (Solvents) Injection- chemical injected through puncture in skin (Solvents)

Personal Protective Equipment Respiratory Protection Hearing Protection

Personal Protection Equipment continued Body Aprons Eye and Face Protection

Personal Protective Equipment continued Gloves Safety Shoes or Boots

Housekeeping Good Housekeeping Includes: Results of Good Housekeeping: Proper storage of tools Being careful not to spill, drop or throw materials onto the floor Disposing of all trash Keeping tools, equipment and machinery clean Keeping boxes, carts and materials organized and out of the aisle Results of Good Housekeeping: Reduction of accidents Improvements in morale Improvements in efficiency and effectiveness A clean organized workplace for employees, visitors and customers

Four Major Risk Factors Posture- Body parts positions that have been determined to increase the risk of cumulative trauma disorders Force- amount of strength required to carry out a task Frequency- number of times per minute ( or unit) a task in performed Duration- time it takes to complete a task (ex: lift, grip, or bend)

Four Minor Risk Factors Vibration Noise Light Levels Mechanical Stressors / Direct Posture

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Assembly

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Assembly – More Neutral Posture

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Mechanical

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Mechanical – More Neutral Posture

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Spot Welding / Machining

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Spot Welding / Machining – More Neutral Posture

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Welding

Identify The Ergonomic Risk Posture Welding – More Neutral Posture

What is the ‘at risk’ posture? What needs to be done to correct the at-risk posture?

What is the ‘at risk’ posture? Neck tilt backwards, back tilt forward, shoulder forward greater than 45 degrees

What is the ‘at risk’ posture? What needs to be done to correct the at-risk posture?

What is the ‘at risk’ posture? Neck tilt sideways, back tilt forward, shoulder forward greater than 45 degrees