US-U1-L1 Take out your teacher’s notes SSUSH1a US-U1-L1 Take out your teacher’s notes

SSUSH1a Explain Virginia’s development; include the Virginia Company, tobacco cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as Powhatan, development of the House of Burgesses, Bacon’s Rebellion, and the development of slavery.

Virginia Location: Chesapeake region of North America Settled in 1609 by the Virginia Company Many of the settlers were “gentlemen” The first English settlement was Roanoke The first permanent English settlement: Jamestown, on the banks of the James River http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXMjQWr3Z6Y

The Virginia Company The Virginia Company was formed with a charter from King James I in 1606. It was a joint-stock company in charge of settling Virginia. It was in charge of finding people willing to go, supplies needed for the journey, and ships. As people died on the venture and after arrival, support for the Virginia Company decreased. The charter was revoked in 1624 and Virginia became a Royal Colony. Joint-stock company: form of business organization in which many investors pool funds to raise large amounts of money for large projects. This allowed people to be able to trade with other parts of the world and colonize without the government’s help. Royal Colony: the king appoints a governor to run the colony http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?title=Jamestown_Settlement&video_id=19705

Tobacco Cultivation The colonists tried to make many products that would be profitable back in England such as silk making, glassmaking, and lumber, all with no success. John Rolfe experimented with tobacco until he made a type that would be profitable for the Virginia Company. Left: Tobacco Right: John Rolfe and Pocahontas

Settlers Relations with Native Americans When the settlers landed they were met with hostility from the Native Americans, but were soon offered food and became somewhat dependant on the Native Americans because the settlers did not want to plant corn, etc. The settlers wanted to “get rich quick”. Captain John Smith helped the colony survive by trading with the Native Americans, but when the Natives didn’t give him what he wanted he took it by force causing hostile feelings.

Settlers Relations with Native Americans, cont. The Native Americans began attacking settlers, killing their livestock, and burning plants. The settlers attacked back and when Chief Powhatan died hostilities rose. Once Powhatan died, his brother, Opechancanough, became chief. He and his tribe waited until 1622, then they fiercely attacked killing 350 colonists. A direct result was that the colony then went under Royal control.

House of Burgesses The House of Burgesses was the first elective governing body of the English colonies. They met in Jamestown church on July 30, 1619. The House included: a governor, 6 councilors, and 20 representatives, 2 from each colony. This representative body was formed to make laws for the colonies.

Bacon’s Rebellion Governor Berkeley managed to stay governor of the House of Burgesses from 1661-1676 with no elections. The western planters had where to go to vent their concerns so they began to rebel in other ways. Governor Berkeley was threatened at gunpoint and Jamestown was burned in 1776. Bacon was elected to the House of Burgesses shortly after for a short time. He left Jamestown to attack innocent Native American tribes. The House of Burgesses was intimidated by Bacon and passed laws that demanded to be passed. Upon Bacon’s untimely death the laws where repealed. Berkeley was called back to England by the King, where he later died.

Beginnings of Slavery Before slavery there was indentured servitude. Indentured servants often worked on tobacco plantations to pay off their journey to America. People who had lived in Barbados and Jamaica and were now working as planters in America, decided to import slaves from West Africa to cultivate rice in South Carolina and the low country of Georgia. Indentured servitude: people who contract to work for a colonist for a specified number of years in exchange for transportation to the colonies, food, clothing and shelter.

Closing – Based on the lesson can you answer without looking at your notes??? Why did the Virginia Company come to America to colonize? What was the most profitable cash crop? Next Activities: Vocab/Map All Due Monday 

Unit Vocabulary Use the teachers notes given to you yesterday to identify each of the following terms – Turn in today. (22 vocab) Virginia Company Pennsylvania House of Burgess New Amsterdam (New York) Powhatan Quebec Bacon’s Rebellion Mercantilism Massachusetts settlement Transatlantic Trade Rhode Island Settlement Middle Passage Half-Way Covenant Benjamin Franklin King Phillip’s War Individualism Massachusetts’s charter Social Mobility Salem Witch Trials The Great Awakening