1. Early Colonies Have Mixed Success Chapter 3, Section 1
Bell Ringer:
Look at the map on p When and where was the first English settlement?
Judging by the dates on the map, how long did the settlement last?

2. The English Plan Colonies
Spain had many colonies in the Americas; England had none
Richard Hakluyt
English geographer
Urged England to start a colony
Why? Mercantilism
Market for English exports
Source of raw materials
Why did English colonists settle in America?
Economic opportunity and religious freedom

3. Two Early Colonies Fail
Sir Walter Raleigh
Soldier, statesman, adventurer
What part did Sir Walter Raleigh play in the first English settlement?
Received permission to sponsor a colony
What did he name the colony?
Virginia (1585) on Roanoke Island
What happened at the 1st Roanoke settlement?
Colonists relied on the Native Americans for food
Native Americans realize that the English want their land, so they cut them off
Survivors went back to England

4. Roanoke, take 2 Who was John White?
Artist; settler at 2nd Roanoke colony
What happened to the colonists at Roanoke?
No one knows!
Possibly moved to a different area, or killed by Native Americans
Where was the Sagadahoc colony located? Why did it fail?
Maine
Arguments, harsh winter, food shortages, fights with Native Americans

5. Financing a Colony
What did a joint-stock company have to do with colonial settlement?
One person could not finance a colony (like Raleigh)
What is a joint-stock company?
Backed by investors, people who put money into a project to earn profits
Each investor received pieces of ownership
Shares of stock enabled investors to share profits and divide losses
Virginia Company of London
Virginia Company of Plymouth
Both companies were given charters by the King in 1606

6. Jamestown is Founded in 1607
First permanent English settlement
Jamestown colonists endured terrible hardships.
Site of the colony was swampy, full of malaria-carrying mosquitoes
Became ill from drinking river water
Searched for gold instead of building houses and growing food
Climate

8. Jamestown Grows John Smith John Rolfe
“He that will not work shall not eat.”
What caused the “starving time?”
Native Americans stopped trading food and attacked the settlers.
John Rolfe
Introduces tobacco
How does this change Jamestown?

9. Jamestown Grows Virginia Company sees colonists as employees
Colonists want a share of profits
What does the Virginia Company do?
They let settlers own land. Why?
Indentured servants
House of Burgesses (1619)
Burgesses - elected representatives; they would meet once a year in an assembly
First representative assembly in the American colonies

10. Conflicts with the Powhatan
What were the causes of conflict?
Cultural differences; colonists wanted land
How were relations improved?
John Rolfe married Pocahontas (1614)
Powhatan helped colonists grow corn, catch fish, and capture wild fowl
What happened in 1622?
Powhatan killed hundreds of Jamestown colonists over land disputes

11. Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676 What were the causes of Bacon’s Rebellion?
Landless colonists opposed Governor William Berkeley
High taxes, favoritism
Wanted Governor to approve a war; he refused
What was the outcome of Bacon’s Rebellion?
The King appointed a new governor
House of Burgesses passed laws to prevent a royal governor from assuming too much power (a step toward self-government)

12. Key Terms
Joint-stock company – a business in which investors pool their wealth in order to turn a profit
Charter – a written contract issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony
Jamestown – the first permanent English settlement in North America
John Smith – a soldier and adventurer who instilled discipline and made everyone work
Indentured servant – a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America
House of Burgesses – created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies
Bacon’s Rebellion – a revolt against powerful colonial authority in Jamestown by Nathaniel Bacon and a group of landless frontier settlers that resulted in the burning of Jamestown in 1676