Acids and Bases 2015

Now read 634-636 Read the pages and fill in the After side write true or false for each statement.

What are some characteristics of acids and bases? pH < 7 pH > 7 Change the color of acid-base indicators. Bitter Taste Sour Taste Produce H+ ion Produce OH- ion Acids Bases React with each other to form salt and water Turns Red Litmus paper BLUE Turns Blue Litmus paper RED React with active metals to form H2 gas. Feel slippery Electrolytes Called Alkalines

Rules for naming Binary Acids (H+nonmetal) Start with HYDRO~ Write the ROOT of the NONMETAL Change the ending to ~IC Add the word ACID Example: H2S  hydrosulfuric acid

You try …. HF  HCl  HBr  Hydroflouric acid Hydrochloric acid Hydrobromic acid

Rules for naming Ternary Acids (H+polyatomic) NO HYDRO!!!!!!!!!! Name the POLYATOMIC ION Change the ending; ate  IC ite OUS Add ACID Examples H2SO4  sulfuric acid H2SO3  sulfurous acid

You try …. Nitric acid Nitrous acid Carbonic acid HNO3  HNO₂  H₂CO3 

Formulas of Acids Step 1-- The cation will be hydrogen. Write H first +1 charge. Step 2-- Identify the anion and its charge (nonmetal or polyatomic) Step 3 --Balance the charges (Use criss-cross method)

Formulas of Acids Hydrofluoric Acid: H +1 F -1 H F 1 1 HF

Formulas of Acids Carbonic Acid: (CO3) H (CO3) -2 H +1 1 2 H2CO3

Names of Bases Bases are compounds that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. We refer to them as-ALKALINE Ionic compounds that are bases are named like ionic compounds

Name the anion (hydroxide) Base Examples NaOH: Sodium Hydroxide Naming Bases Name cation (metal) Name the anion (hydroxide) Base Examples NaOH: Sodium Hydroxide LiOH: Lithium Hydroxide KOH: Potassium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2 : Calcium hydroxide

Formulas of Bases Lithium Hydroxide: Li +1 (OH) -1 Li (OH) 1 1 LiOH

(OH) Fe (OH) Fe Fe(OH)2 Formulas of Bases Iron (II) Hydroxide: +2 -1 2

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Name Each Acid or Base A. HF:____________________ B. HNO3 :_________________ C. KOH :__________________ D. H2 SO4 :_________________ E. HMnO4:________________ F. H3PO4:_________________ G. H2S:____________________

Write the formula: chromic acid :_________________ iron (II) hydroxide:_____________ hydriodic acid:_________________ lithium hydroxide:_______________ hydrobromic acid:_______________ nitrous acid:___________________ sodium hydroxide:_______________

BRA: Blue → Red = Acid Properties of Acids Acids start with hydrogen Acids turn litmus Blue litmus paper turns red. BRA: Blue → Red = Acid

Properties of Acids Acids taste sour Acids react with bases to produce salt and water. This is a neutralization reaction 5) Acids conduct electricity

Properties of Acids Acids react with bases to produce salt and water. This is a neutralization reaction Acids conduct electricity Acids form H+ ions in water

Properties of Bases Bases feel slippery Bases end with hydroxide (-OH) Turn litmus red  blue RBB: red  blue = base Bases feel slippery

Properties of Bases Bases react with acid to form salt and water. This is called neutralization reaction. Bases conduct electricity Bases form –OH ions in water

Bronstead Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiokqP0aZ1E Conjugates https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUhPLe0NAvA

Properties of acids and bases- showing this one today or tomorrow Properties of acids and bases- showing this one today or tomorrow. Great tie in from last unit. 3 min long https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYzH_NiIAaY   Music video…cute!! That same guy from Sat. training https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u9nOIZDdvRw Nuetralization reaction. Great realistic tie in. Use of bases to neutralize stomach acids https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXGHpXlBgZA acids and base reactions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANi709MYnWg