1. Chapter 20 Notes, part I
Acids and Bases

2. What are some common acids?
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid)
Citrus fruits (citric acid)
Car battery (sulfuric acid)

3. What are some common bases?
Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide)
Many cleaning products (ammonia, etc)

4. What properties do acids have?
Acids tend to be:
Tart or sour tasting
In solution, they are an electrolyte
They can cause chemical dyes (called indicators) to change colors

5. What properties do bases have?
Bases tend to be:
Bitter tasting
Slippery feeling when touched
Able to neutralize an acid

6. So what IS an acid?
An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
The formula would be HaX, where X is any monatomic or polyatomic anion and a is the anion’s charge.

7. Naming an acid
When the name of the anion (X) ends in –ide, the name begins with hydro-, then the stem of the anion, then the name ends with –ic acid instead of -ide.
When the name of the ion ends in –ite, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ous acid instead of –ite.
When the name of the ion ends in –ate, then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ic acid instead of-ate.

8. Then what is a base?
A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH-) ions when in solution.
Bases are named the same way that an ionic compound would be named.

9. Whiteboards
Answer the following questions on the whiteboard and hold it up to check!

10. Name the following acids and bases:

11. HClO3

12. H3PO4

13. HF

14. HNO3

15. KOH

16. H2SO4

17. Ba(OH)2

18. HCN

19. H3PO3

20. HClO4

21. HBr

22. H2CO3

23. Al(OH)3

24. Write the formula for the following acids and bases:

25. Hydrochloric acid

26. Sulfuric acid

27. Phosphorous acid

28. Sodium hydroxide

29. Hydroiodic acid

30. Nitrous acid

31. Ammonium hydroxide

32. Chromic acid

33. Permanganic acid

34. Barium hydroxide

35. Hydrobromic acid

36. Lithium hydroxide

37. Nitric acid

38. Thiocyanic acid

39. Answer the following questions:

40. What ion do all acids give off?

41. What ion do all bases give off?

42. What compounds give a sour taste?

43. What compounds neutralize bases?

44. What compounds have bitter taste?

45. Is lemon juice acidic or basic?

46. Are TUMS acidic or basic?

47. Is ammonia acidic or basic?

48. Is milk acidic or basic?

49. Is shampoo acidic or basic?