1. Their Properties Naming Guidelines
Acids & Bases
Their Properties Naming Guidelines

2. Properties of Acids Taste sour
Itchy on skin, will burn if concentrated
Turns Blue litmus paper Red
Red litmus paper stays Red
Neutralization:
Acid + Base  Salt + Water
Ex: Vinegar, Citrus Fruit

3. Properties of Bases Taste Bitter Feel Slippery
Turns Red litmus paper Blue
Blue litmus paper stays Blue
Reacts with Acid in same neutralization
Ex: Soap, Milk of Magnesia, Most Cleaners

4. Naming Acids Naming Acids In general hydrogen ___ide hydro ___ic acid
hydrogen ___ate
______ic acid
Ate and ite…. Means positive hydrogen bonding with a polyatomic ion
When the siffix is ide.. This means positive hydrogen bonding with a non-metal which we know will be negative. (2 exceptions are OH+ and CN-)
hydrogen ___ite
_____ous acid

5. Naming Acids Binary Acids: Contain “H” and one other element To Name:
Hydro + Root of second element+ ic + Acid
Ex: HCl = Hydro + chlor + ic Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
HF =
Hydroflouric Acid

6. Naming Acids (cont.) Oxyacids Acids:
Contain “H”, “O” and one more element
To Name:
3rd element name + ic + Acid
Ex: HNO3 = Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid
Nitric Acid
HClO3 =
Chloric Acid

7. Naming Acids (cont.)
If the Acid has one more Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed:
To Name:
Per + 3rd element + ic + Acid
Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid
Pernitric Acid
H2SO5 =
Persulfuric Acid

8. Naming Acids (cont.)
If the Acid has one less Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed:
To Name:
3rd element + ous + Acid
Ex: HNO2 = Nitrogen – ogen + ous + Acid
Nitrous Acid
H2SO3 =
Sulfurous Acid

9. Naming Acids (cont.)
If the Acid has two less Oxygens than the base acid, the naming goes as followed:
To Name:
Hypo +3rd element + ous + Acid
Ex: HClO = Hypo +chlorine –ine + ous + Acid
Hypochlorous Acid
HNO =
Hyponitrous Acid

10. Naming Bases Name the metal first Add Hydroxide
Ex: NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide
KOH =
Potassium Hydroxide

11. Practicing Naming Acids & Bases
Formula
Binary or Ternary
Name
HCl B
Hydrochloric Acid HI
Hydroiodic Acid
HNO3 T
Nitric Acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric Acid
H3PO4
Phosphoric Acid
H2CO3
Carbonic Acid

12. Practice Naming Acids & Bases
Formula
Name
NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide
KOH
Potassium Hydroxide
Mg(OH)2
Magnesium Hydroxide
Al(OH)2
Aluminum Hydroxide
NH4OH
Ammonium Hydroxide

13. Naming Various Acid Forms
Name
H2SO5
Persulfuric Acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric Acid
H2SO3
Sulfurous Acid
H2SO2
Hyposulfurous Acid

14. Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Name
H2CO4
Percarbonic Acid
H2CO3
Carbonic Acid
H2CO2
Carbonous Acid
H2CO
Hypocarbonic Acid

15. Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Name
HClO4
Perchloric Acid
HClO3
Chloric Acid
HClO2
Chlorous Acid
HClO
Hypochlorous Acid