1. Acids and Bases

2. Properties of Acids and Bases
Tart or sour taste (think of lemons)
DO NOT TASTE CHEMICALS!
Corrosive to metals
React with bases to form a salt and water
On the pH scale: acids have a pH less than 7
Litmus paper = RED
BASES
Bitter taste (think of baking soda)
DO NOT TASTE CHEMICALS!
Corrosive to organic materials
React with acids to form a salt and water
On the pH scale: bases have a pH greater than 7
Litmus paper = BLUE
Feel slippery
Breaking Bad:
Fight Club:

3. Acids
Arrhenius Definition: Break apart (dissociate) to yield hydrogen ions (H+) in water (aqueous) solutions
HCl H+ + Cl-
HNO H+ + NO3-
H2SO H+ + HSO4 -
H2O
H2O
H2O

4. Naming Acids HCl H2SO3 HNO3 chloride hydro-(stem)-ic acid
Anion Ending
Anion Example
Acid Name
Example
-ide
-ite
-ate
chloride
hydro-(stem)-ic acid
hydrochloric acid
HCl
sulfite
(stem)-ous acid
sulfurous acid
H2SO3
nitrate
(stem)-ic acid
nitric acid
HNO3

5. Naming Acids Name the following acids: H2CrO4 HF H2CO3 HClO2 CH3COOH
Anion Ending
Acid Name
-ide
hydro-(stem)-ic acid
-ite
(stem)-ous acid
-ate
(stem)-ic acid

6. Writing Formulas of Acids
Write the formulas for the following acids:
Phosphorous acid
Anion Ending
Acid Name
-ide
hydro-(stem)-ic acid
-ite
(stem)-ous acid
-ate
(stem)-ic acid

7. Bases
Arrhenius Definition: Break apart (dissociate) to yield hydroxide ions (OH-) in water (aqueous) solutions
NaOH Na+ + OH-
KOH K+ + OH-
H2O
H2O

8. Naming Bases Cation name + hydroxide NaOH sodium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
calcium hydroxide
NH4OH
ammonium hydroxide
Cation name + hydroxide

9. Naming Bases Name the following bases: Ba(OH)2 KOH Al(OH)3
Cation name + hydroxide

10. More Naming Practice H3PO4 Nitrous acid Mg(OH)2 Hydrobromic acid
Name the following acids/bases or write their formula:
H3PO4
Nitrous acid
Mg(OH)2
Hydrobromic acid
Lithium hydroxide
H2S
Anion Ending
Acid Name
-ide
hydro-(stem)-ic acid
-ite
(stem)-ous acid
-ate
(stem)-ic acid

11. Even More Naming Practice!
Identify whether the following are acids or bases. Then name them!
Ba(OH)2
2. H2S
3. CH3COOH
4. Fe(OH)2
5. HClO2
Anion Ending
Acid Name
-ide
hydro-(stem)-ic acid
-ite
(stem)-ous acid
-ate
(stem)-ic acid