1. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas
9.1 Naming Ions
9.2 Naming and Writing Formulas for Ionic
Compounds
9.3 Naming and Writing Formulas for Molecular
9.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for
Acids and Bases
9.5 The Laws Governing How Compounds Form
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2. Names and Formulas of Acids
contain one or more hydrogen atoms
produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water
ionic compounds
Examples
Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4
Hydrochloric Acid - HCl
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3. Names and Formulas of Acids
Binary Acid
Contains 2 elements
H+ and an anion
HBr - Hydrobromic Acid
H2S – Hydrosulfuric Acid
H3P – Hydrophosphoric Acid
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4. Names and Formulas of Acids
Naming Binary Acids
Hydro anion with -ic ending acid
Examples:
HF hydrofluoric acid
HBr hydrobromic acid
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5. Names and Formulas of Acids
Writing Formulas for Binary Acids
Recognize it is a binary acid (clue is the prefix hydro-)
H+, identify and write the anion
If charges do not equal zero, apply the criss-cross method.
Examples:
Hydrochloric Acid - HCl
Hydronitric Acid H3N
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6. Names and Formulas of Acids
Ternary Acid
Contain more than 2 elements
H+ and a polyatomic ion
HNO3
HMnO4
H2SO4
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7. Names and Formulas of Acids
Naming Ternary Acids
If polyatomic ion ends in –ate, change to –ic
Finish with the word acid.
Acid
Polyatomic Ion
Acid Name
HNO3
Nitrate
Nitric Acid
H2SO4
Sulfate
Sulfuric Acid
HClO3
Chlorate
Chloric Acid
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8. Names and Formulas of Acids
Naming Ternary Acids
If polyatomic ion ends in –ite, change to –ous
Finish with the word acid.
Acid
Polyatomic Ion
Acid Name
HNO2
Nitrite
Nitrous Acid
H2SO3
Sulfite
Sulfurous Acid
HClO2
Chlorite
Chlorous Acid
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9. An acid that provides the crisp taste in many soft
CHEMISTRY & YOU
An acid that provides the
crisp taste in many soft
drinks has the formula
H3PO4
What’s the name of this
acid?
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10. An acid that provides the crisp taste in many soft
CHEMISTRY & YOU
An acid that provides the
crisp taste in many soft
drinks has the formula
H3PO4
What’s the name of this
acid?
Phosphoric acid.
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11. Names and Formulas of Acids
Writing Formulas for Ternary Acids
Begin with H+
Decide whether to use the polyatomic ion with the –ite or –ate ending
-ous ending on the acid (-ite polyatomic ion)
-ic ending on the acid (-ate polyatomic ion)
If charges do not equal zero, apply the criss- cross method.
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12. Names and Formulas of Acids
Writing Formulas for Ternary Acids
Examples
Chloric Acid
Chlorous Acid
Phosphorous Acid
Phosphoric Acid
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13. Names and Formulas of Acids
Writing Formulas for Ternary Acids
Examples
Chloric Acid – HClO3
Chlorous Acid – HClO2
Phosphorous Acid – H3PO3
Phosphoric Acid – H3PO4
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14. Names and Formulas of Bases
produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
ionic compound
Bases are named in the same way as other ionic compounds—the name of the cation is followed by the name of the anion.
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15. Names and Formulas of Bases
LiOH – Lithium Hydroxide
NaOH – Sodium Hydroxide
KOH – Potassium Hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 - Calcium Hydroxide
Mg(OH)2 - Magnesium Hydroxide
Al(OH) Aluminum Hydroxide
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16. END OF 9.4
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