Bell Ringer Make a prediction: What is a doffer? As we read the comic: Write down in your bell ringer at least five details about the story.

Early Industrial Life Essential Question: What were the social and economic effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Life in the New Industrial City The Industrial Revolution brought rapid urbanization, or the movement of people to cities. The poor lived in tenements, crowded and unsanitary apartment buildings No sewage or sanitation system = spread of disease Rich lived in nice neighborhoods

Factory system created a harsh new way of life The Factory System Factory system created a harsh new way of life 12-16 hour work day Dangerous machines / breathing conditions Sick or injured lost their jobs Employed women and children (as young as 5) Orphans were especially useful

The Working Class and the New Middle Class Had to adjust to city life Often protested low pay and harsh conditions (with little success) Methodist Church

The Working Class and the New Middle Class Entrepreneurs – businessmen who found new ways and took risks in order to make a profit. Benefited from Ind. Rev. -> RICH Women were “ladies” their place was in the home Believed the poor were responsible for their own misery.

Industrial Capitalism An economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing A free market would produce more goods at lower prices, making them affordable to everyone. A growing economy would encourage capitalists to reinvest profits in new ventures.

Laissez-Faire Economics Thomas Malthus - Population would outpace the food supply. If population rises the poor suffer -> poor people should have fewer children. David Ricardo “Iron law of wages”

Utilitarianism and Socialism As a response to the poor conditions during the Ind. Rev. new economic theories developed Socialism - The people as a whole, rather than private individuals, own and operate the means of production. The farms, factories, railways, and other large business that produced and distributed goods. The Utopians wanted to build self- sufficient communities in which all work was shared and all property owned in common. Utilitarianism - The idea that the goal of society should be “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” of its citizens.

Communism Karl Marx, co-author of the Communist Manifesto believed: History was a class struggle b/w “haves” and “have-nots.” Bourgeoisie vs Proletariat (working class) Proletariat would take control (violent revolution) and setup a classless/stateless society

Was the Industrial Revolution a Blessing or a Curse? The Industrial Revolution initially created major problems: Low pay Unemployment Dismal living conditions Pollution The Industrial Revolution eventually created positive changes: The increasing demand for mass- produced goods led to the creation of more jobs. Wages rose. The cost of railroad travel fell. Horizons widened and opportunities increased.

Essential Question What were the social and economic effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Create a title for the image Effect of the Industrial Revolution Doc. # Create a title for the image Effect of the Industrial Revolution SPICE