Bell Ringer 1/11 The Progressive movement supported the idea that the federal government should (1) regulate big business (2) reduce immigration (3) build an overseas empire (4) reduce the number of farms http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history

Causes of WWI 4 main causes of the war Militarism made diplomacy take a backseat. The build up of armies made other countries build up. Several secret alliances held fragile Europe from war but once the Archduke was assassinated it propelled several of the great powers into war.

Causes of WWI Imperialism brought great competition amongst European countries and caused hostilities. Nationalism came in two forms: countries acting in their own self interest Provinces in countries that that seek independence.

Causes of WWI Archduke Ferdinand assassinated on June 28, 1914 which starts a chain reaction of events that will begin “The Great War”.

Alliances Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Allies Central Powers Russia France Serbia Great Britain US (1917)

No mans Land German Army wanted to take out France quickly then focus on Russia. Plan failed, British and French forces stopped German advance 30 miles from Paris. Neither side could advance, Trench Warfare begins which is a defensive warfare. Heavy casualties took place when sides tried to advance.

America Neutral Most Americans favored Allies. US and President Woodrow Wilson declare neutrality August 1914.

American Response May 7, 1915 Sinking of the Lusitania killing 128 Americans enraging hatred for Germany. Continued unrestricted submarine warfare against US ships kept fueling the fire for anti-German sentiment.

Zimmermann Telegram Feb 1917, British intercept note from German foreign secretary to Mexico. Note stated that if US joins war on allies side, Mexico should join for Central Powers and they receive back southwest territories lost in Mexican-American war. Telegram enraged American public further as America edges closer to war.

US Declares War! April 6, 1917 Congress declares war on Central Powers. May 1917, Draft authorized (Selective Service Act) American Expeditionary Force sent to Europe to aide allies. As more and more Americans came to Europe, the tide of the War turned in the favor of the allies.

Home front Liberty Bonds: people bought bonds from federal government that would be redeemed after the war. Industries produced goods for war. Govt regulated food and fuel consumption, daily savings instituted. (Rationing)

Espionage Act, Sedition Act Espionage Act(1917) – Made it illegal to interfere with the draft. Sedition Act(1918)- made it illegal to obstruct sale of Liberty Bonds, do actions against your government.

Schenck v. US 1919 - Supreme Court ruled that the government could silence free speech when there was “clear and present danger to the US.” Schenck was a war opponent and mailed letters to draftees urging them to not report violating the Espionage Act.

Red Scare 1919 fear of communism gripped the US. Americans called for known communists to be jailed or driven out of the country. Communism set up in Russia after the Revolution by Lenin was openly hostile towards American beliefs and values. Capitalism and private ownership of land were outlawed in communist system.

Kellogg-Briand Pact 60 nations agreeing not to use threat of war against each other. Unrealistic idea because it had no provisions for enforcement.

Bell Ringer 1/12 What were the four MAIN causes of WWI? Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism http://www.history.com/videos/world-war-i-germans-attack-us-navy boats?m=528e38969e64d#u-boats-sink-the- lusitania-in-1915

Bell Ringer 1/13 President Theodore Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine primarily affected Latin America by (1) guaranteeing human rights throughout the Western Hemisphere (2) supporting independence movements in many countries (3) encouraging immigration to the United States (4) increasing United States intervention in the region

Bell Ringer 1/14 Prior to entering World War I, the United States protested Germany’s use of submarine warfare primarily because it (1) violated the Monroe Doctrine (2) discouraged immigration to the United States (3) posed a direct threat to American cities (4) violated the principle of freedom of the seas