African-American Leadership

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Presentation transcript:

African-American Leadership in the Progressive Era

Black Leadership in the early 1900s – 2 Views Accomodationists Booker T. Washington Rising Expectations W.E.B. Du Bois & Ida B. Wells

Ida B. Wells Born into slavery in 1862 in Mississippi Published statistics of Jim Crow and lynching in the South called A Red Record and Southern Horrors

Ida B. Wells Dyer Anti-Lynching bill (1918) failed to pass in the Senate over 200 bills failed in Congress by 1968

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois

Booker T. Washington Lived 1856-1915 Born a slave in Virginia Educated at Hampton University Founder of Tuskegee University Wrote Up From Slavery

Tuskegee University – Early 1900s A Few classes at Tuskegee in the Early Years: History (above), Blacksmithing (top right), & Mattress making (bottom right)

Booker T. Washington Views given in “The Atlanta Compromise” in 1895 Blacks should not blame whites for their situation Blacks should start from the bottom, work their way and “be patient” Work for economic opportunity in vocational jobs Opposed agitating for black rights because it would cause setbacks

Booker T. Washington Wanted programs for job training and vocational skills for black Americans Ask whites to give job opportunities to Black people B.T.W. went on to found the Urban League which provided jobs and training for blacks B.T.W. was unpopular with many Black leaders, but was popular with white leaders in the North and South. Why?

W.E.B. DuBois Born in Massachusetts to a free black family (1868-1963) Educated at Fisk, Harvard, & Berlin Sociology Professor at Atlanta University in 1897

W.E.B. DuBois Views given in The Souls of Black Folks Strongly opposed B.T.W.’s acceptance of segregation and Jim Crow Felt that white people caused problems by denying rights to black people

W.E.B. DuBois Wrote for The Crisis Felt that talented Black students should get a good education and then help everyone else Felt it was wrong to expect a citizen to “earn their rights”

NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Founded by 60 people, 7 of whom were African-American (including DuBois & Ida B. Wells-Barnett) NAACP's stated goal was to secure for all people the rights guaranteed in the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution DuBois was the only African-American among the organization's executives (even the NAACP’s president was a white man)