Cambodia Country Presentation The 3rd ASEAN+3 Village Leaders Exchange Program 15-22 November, 2015

Contents Overview of Cambodia Government Management Structure Commune development sector Future Model Village Demonstration Project

1. Overview of Cambodia Geography Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King The Kingdom of Cambodia is one country in South East Asia sharing the border with Vietnam on the east and southeast, Thailand on northwest, Laos on the northeast and The Gulf of Thailand on the southwest.

1- Country Overview Area Population Capital Currency 181,035 Km² About 15 M Capital Phnom Penh Currency Riel

2. Government Management Structure Four-tiered government structures: Central Government 24 Provinces and 1 Capital, 26 Municipalities,159 Districts and 12 Khans (197) 1,407 Communes and 226 Sangkats (1,633 Communes-Sangkats) Central Government Provinces Capital Districts Municipality Khan Communes Sangkat Sangkat Villages Villages Villages

A- Role and Function of Provincial and Capital Level Maintain security & public order; control legality of Commune-Sangkat; promote and guide work of provincial technical departments Provide information and report to the Ministry of Interior regarding public comments, events and situations of the entire province/capital; Possess hierarchical authority over chairpersons of various institutions within the province/capital, including scoring, commenting, requesting rank promotion, giving recommendations for appointment, changes, authorization for leave;

A- Role and Function of Provincial and Capital Level (cont) Disseminate, implement, monitor, and examine the implementation of the platform of the royal government, Royal Krams, laws, Royal Decrees, subdecrees, Prakas, regulations and various standard documents Set out development plans for its own province/Capital ; Issue authorization for commercial, craftwork and business operations as specified by law; Take measures to protect and maintain cultural assets, national heritage, and the environment; Implement various duties and rights entrusted by the ministry.

B. Role and Function of Municipality/District/Khan Level Maintain security & public order; control legality of Commune-Sangkat; promote and guide work of provincial technical departments Provision of specific public services (Certification of civil registration, affaire on land registration etc.) and development management

B. Role and Function of Municipality/District/Khan Level Budget and personnel management functions as an integral part of province’s consolidated budget and staff management system. Municipal/District/Khan governor accountable to provincial/capital governor and municipal/district/Khan councils.

C- Commune/Sangkat council election C/S councils establishment: First democratic commune elections in February 2002 Each commune 5,7,9 and 11 council members 5 year mandate Smallest commune : 205 inhabitants Biggest commune : 79,406 inhabitants Average commune : 7,600 inhabitants

- Objectives of Commune/Sangkat Council Establishment To promote local democracy and good governance; To promote participation and ownership to ensure sustainable local development; To contribute to poverty alleviation.

- Commune/Sangkat Councils Management Structure Commune/Sangkat Chief First Deputy Chief Second Deputy Chief Advisory Committee Advisory Committee Advisory Committee Advisory Committee Staff Clerk Village Village Village Village

- Roles, Function and Power of Commune/Sangkat Direct roles ( roles to serve local affairs) - Ensure maintenance of security and public order; - Arrange necessary public service and be responsible for the good cooperation of those service; - Promote the convenience and welfare of citizens; - Promote social and economic development and upgrade the living standards of citizens, - Protect and conservative the environment, natural resource and national culture and heritage, - Reconcile and the views of citizens to achieve mutual understanding and tolerance, - Perform general affairs to meet needs of citizens.

- Roles, Function and Power of Commune/Sangkat (cont) Roles as an agency function - The main achievement in carrying out the agency functions: Civil registration (about 10 millions people have been registered). Regular update on voter list for national, C/S council elections.

- Roles, Function and Power of Commune/Sangkat (cont.) A Commnue/Sangkat administration has no authority over: Forestry; Post and telecommunication; National defense; National security; Foreign policy; Fiscal policy; and Other matters prescribed in laws and relevant regulations

- Roles, duties, authorities of commune/Sangkat council (cont) - Examine and approve the budget plan of Commune/Sangkat; - Vote to approve the bylaw and orders of the Commune/Sangkat; - Approve the Commune/Sangkat plans; - Elect senators; - Be entitled to delegate power to the village chief, as per instruction of the Ministry of interior; - Determine local taxes, non-local taxes and various charges.

- Roles, duties, authorities of commune/ Sangkat Chief (cont) The Commune/Sangkat chief shall be elected from the first top the candidate list, who received the majority of vote. The Commune/Sangkat chief has a mandate equal to Commune/Sangkat council. - Preside of the meetings of his/her Commune/Sangkat; - Ensure that the Commune/Sangkat councils meets at least once a month; - Ensure the meeting Commune/Sangkat councils are properly held in according with the rules and regulations stipulated bylaw of the council; - Maintain good order during the meeting.

- Commune/Sangkat Development Plan C/S development plan formulation is an obligation required by the law: C/S shall prepare, approve and implement C/S development plan; C/S development plans shall be consistent with national socio-economic development plans; C/S development plan shall be reviewed annually by the C/S council in order to update data.

Commune/Sangkat fund project implementation: Commune/Sangkat Development Plan (cont) Commune/Sangkat fund project implementation: Thousands of Commune/Sangkat projects were implemented such as: Rural roads, culverts, local bridges, small scale irrigation systems, school building, wells, communities developments...

3. Commune development sector Economic: rural road, small irrigation, agriculture ... Social : education improvement, Environment and natural resources : Environmental Impact Assessment Security : Village/commune security policy Gender: women right improvement (women candidates are 1/3 of total candidates commune council and 1woman at least in village

D - Village in Cambodia Village is a concentration of residential house and families together create to commune or Sangkat Village is not the administration level stipulated by the constitution Each village is administered by a village chief, with vice-chief and one assistant All of them shall be elected by the commune councils concerned The mandate all of them shall not be determined

D- Village in Cambodia (cont) The roles of the village chief Undertake join responsibility in his/her village Represent all residents of the village Participate in the meeting of the commune/Sangkat committees to share views on matter to relating his/her village Advising the village Advisory committee on the needs and benefits of village Be responsible for implement of duties assigned on his or her commune councils

Svay Ampear Commune, Muk Kampol District, Kandal Province Future Model Village Demonstration Project Svay Ampear Commune, Muk Kampol District, Kandal Province No. Project Activities Household Toilets Village Landscaping Animal husbandry and animal farmers association Skills training Cycle economy demonstration Crop farming demonstration Poor Household Housing Community Center Capacity Building Technical Assistance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Commune Office in Cambodia

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