Empires of the Middle East

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Presentation transcript:

Empires of the Middle East Ms. Hunt Unit 3 RMS 2012-2012

Agenda: Thursday, October 27th, 2011 OBJ: To identify and illustrate key cultural and historical characteristics of the Ottoman Empire by creating a travel brochure. 1. Journal 2. Notes- Empires of the Middle East Diamond Foldable Addition- Ottomans 3. Ottoman Travel Brochure HW: Study your notes for 10 minutes Have Diamond Foldable EVERDAY in class!!!!

Journal: Thursday, October 27th, 2011 Pretend you have created an army and have decided to conquest territory in order to create an empire. As the commander of your army and ruler of your new nation, where in the world would you place your empire? Why there?

Ottoman Empire Began on Asia Minor- Anatolian Peninsula Spread to Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits Controlled Egyptian and African lands at its greatest height Mesopotamia, Egypt and Arabia- Heartland of the Islamic world

Beginnings of the Ottoman Empire Mehmed II- led Ottomans to expand empire Took Constantinople (capital) in March 1453 Sultan Selim I- 1514-1517 Declared himself caliph- defender of the faith and successor to Muhammad Controlled Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem How might this cause problems between religious groups later on?

Government of the Ottomans Governed provinces through local rulers Rulers trained at an official school Appointed rulers = pashas “Gunpowder Empire”- combined conquered territories and dominated because of use of technology (firearms) Grand Vizier- chief minister of imperial council, ran meetings and communicated sultan’s desires Like a Vice President

Topkapi- “Iron Gate”

Society in Middle Eastern Empires Divided by occupation Ruling class Artisans- craft guilds Merchants Peasants Pastoral people/ nomadic herders Within each class- education system, laws/ rules, and jobs Religion- Muslims Tolerant of other religions (Required to pay a tax)

Women of the Ottoman Empire Tolerant attitude towards women’s power Turkish traditions Women could own and inherit property No forced marriage

Art Patrons of the arts Pottery, rugs, armor, jewelry, and silk Rugs- Huge industry! Artists came from all over the empire to decorate the sultan’s palace Architecture- mosques, modeled after the Hagia Sophia Topped with domes framed by towers- minarets Sinan- greatest Ottoman architect, created over 80 mosques Suleymaniye Mosque, Istanbul/ Constantinople

Great Ruler of the Ottoman Suleyman I- “the magnificent” Ruler of the Ottoman Golden Age Cultural Changes Exchange of Western customs- Westernization European clothing Western Furniture and Art

The End of the Ottomans Created laws against Western customs and goods Sultans after Suleyman Tried to avoid Westernization Created laws against Western customs and goods Decline- Issues in govt. and culture caused the Ottomans to begin losing territory and control

Travel Brochure- The Ottoman Empire Fold your sheet of paper in to thirds. Design a front cover and 2nd cover to bring interest to your brochure. The inside columns- The far left must outline the geography, climate, and natural features of the Ottoman Empire The middle column needs to describe culture and society The far right column must contain 3 detail reasons (in complete sentences) why someone should travel to the Ottoman Empire. **The brochure must be colored and neat! The writing must be completed in blue or black ink!!!

Empires of the Middle East Ms. Hunt Unit 3 RMS 2012-2012

Agenda: Thursday, October 27th, 2011 OBJ: To identify and illustrate key cultural and historical characteristics of the Ottoman Empire by creating a travel brochure. 1. Journal 2. Notes- Empires of the Middle East Diamond Foldable Addition- Ottomans 3. Ottoman Travel Brochure HW: Study your notes for 10 minutes Have Diamond Foldable EVERDAY in class!!!!

Journal: Thursday, October 27th, 2011 Pretend you have created an army and have decided to conquest territory in order to create an empire. As the commander of your army and ruler of your new nation, where in the world would you place your empire? Why there?

Ottoman Empire Began on Asia Minor- Anatolian Peninsula Spread to Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits Controlled Egyptian and African lands at its greatest height Mesopotamia, Egypt and Arabia- Heartland of the Islamic world

Beginnings of the Ottoman Empire Mehmed II- led Ottomans to expand empire Took Constantinople (capital) in March 1453 Sultan Selim I- 1514-1517 Declared himself caliph- defender of the faith and successor to Muhammad Controlled Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem How might this cause problems between religious groups later on?

Government of the Ottomans Governed provinces through local rulers Rulers trained at an official school Appointed rulers = pashas “Gunpowder Empire”- combined conquered territories and dominated because of use of technology (firearms) Grand Vizier- chief minister of imperial council, ran meetings and communicated sultan’s desires Like a Vice President

Topkapi- “Iron Gate”

Society in Middle Eastern Empires Divided by occupation Ruling class Artisans- craft guilds Merchants Peasants Pastoral people/ nomadic herders Within each class- education system, laws/ rules, and jobs Religion- Muslims Tolerant of other religions (Required to pay a tax)

Women of the Ottoman Empire Tolerant attitude towards women’s power Turkish traditions Women could own and inherit property No forced marriage

Art Patrons of the arts Pottery, rugs, armor, jewelry, and silk Rugs- Huge industry! Artists came from all over the empire to decorate the sultan’s palace Architecture- mosques, modeled after the Hagia Sophia Topped with domes framed by towers- minarets Sinan- greatest Ottoman architect, created over 80 mosques Suleymaniye Mosque, Istanbul/ Constantinople

Great Ruler of the Ottoman Suleyman I- “the magnificent” Ruler of the Ottoman Golden Age Cultural Changes Exchange of Western customs- Westernization European clothing Western Furniture and Art

The End of the Ottomans Created laws against Western customs and goods Sultans after Suleyman Tried to avoid Westernization Created laws against Western customs and goods Decline- Issues in govt. and culture caused the Ottomans to begin losing territory and control

Travel Brochure- The Ottoman Empire Fold your sheet of paper in to thirds. Design a front cover and 2nd cover to bring interest to your brochure. The inside columns- The far left must outline the geography, climate, and natural features of the Ottoman Empire The middle column needs to describe culture and society The far right column must contain 3 detail reasons (in complete sentences) why someone should travel to the Ottoman Empire. **The brochure must be colored and neat! The writing must be completed in blue or black ink!!!