Ohio Learning Standard #15 The consequences of World War I and the worldwide depression set the stage for the Russian Revolution …

Stage was set years earlier by …

The Russian Revolution Vladimir Lenin

How’d it get started in Russia? March 1917, workers in Petrograd, modern day St Petersburg, began to protest in the streets Protesting the war, poor economy, & lack of food Primarily comprised of low class factory workers

According to workers … the head of the Govt – Czar was at fault Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov OR Czar Nicholas II

… another source of discontent in Russia - With the Russian people, but also with the upper class leaders in the Duma (Parliament)

Uprisings Two major riots Russia would soon be consumed by civil war February Revolution & October Revolution Russia would soon be consumed by civil war

February Revolution Focused around workers’ uprising in Petrograd - Army leadership had no way of controlling the uprising (garrison soldiers joined rioting) Call for removal of Nicholas Il as Russian Czar - eventually, to avoid complete overthrow, Nicholas abdicated the throne Formation of Russian Provisional Government - establishment of Parliament (Duma) - Menshevik leader Korensky installed as Prime Min

October Revolution Commonly referred to as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a seizure of state power from the Provisional Govt Wages of workers had fallen by 50%+ and national debt had risen to 50 billion rubles - 11 billion owed to foreign governments … Russia faced threat of financial bankruptcy

Bolsheviks Bolsheviks (Communists led by Lenin & Trotsky) used Petrograd Soviet (union headquarters) to organize armed forces (Red Guards) to take over Gov buildings & the Winter Palace (home of Romanovs) City to city throughout Russia using self-proclaimed Red Army (often soldiers awol from WWI)

It’s Bolshevism!

Establishment of a Soviet Union Local S_________ (Bolshevik dominated) took power to establish Russian Socialist Soviet Republics – later to be identified as USSR World's first C_____________ state

Communism What is it?

Soviet Union - non-B___________ from membership in Soviets Gov in form of single-party state (Communist) barring - non-B___________ from membership in Soviets Parliament replaced with Politburo (in M________) Establishment of Dictatorship of the P_____________ - President (Lenin) & Politburo remained in power … without the use of Elections!

Joseph Stalin Came to power in Russia - following L______'s death & brief power struggle with Trotsky Repression of Bolsheviks & M________ purists Accused opponents of betraying Lenin & ideals of October Revolution

Stalinism * C______________ - system of labor-intensive camps … Agriculture & Mining Centrally planned Economy = rapid I______________ … based upon a series of 5-year Plans

Communism under Stalin State control of all Businesses All goods are Socially owned Everyone is Employee of State Collectivization & Industrialization

Collectivization

White Sea Canal Project

Militarism

The Great Purge

Camps/Factories

Siberian Winter Camp

Fear of Communism spreading