1. What were the Causes & Impacts of Russian Revolutions?
Global History & Geography
10th Grade Boys/Girls
23 February 2019

2. Long-Term Causes of Revolution
Czarist Rule
Problems of the Urban Workers
Harsh rule of Alexander III & Nicholas II angered the Russian Liberals
Long work hours with little pay
Peasant Unrest
Poverty and disease
No land for the peasants
Didn’t grow enough food for their family
GH&G - Br. Siraj
23 February 2019

3. Diversity & Nationalism
Russia was a multinational state
Czar tried Russification and forced peoples to think them as Russians
But ethnic nationalism remained active
GH&G - Br. Siraj
23 February 2019

4. Revolution of 1905
Low spirits after defeat in 1904 war with Japan
Persecution of minority groups
Poverty and bad working conditions
“Bloody Sunday Killings
Causes
Corrupt government
Russian Revolution of 1905
New Voting Laws limited the Powers of the later Dumas
Nicholas II sets up Duma, which must approve all laws
The “October Manifesto” – Czar Nicolas II announces reforms and new freedoms
Nicholas II dissolves the first Duma when leaders criticized the government
Pogroms continued
Results
GH&G - Br. Siraj
23 February 2019

5. March Revolution of 1917
Russia continued to lose in World War I under Czar Nicolas
There was food shortage
In March 1917 riots broke out in Capital St. Petersburg
Soldiers were ordered to fire on people, which they refused to obey
Czar Nicholas abdicated the throne
Provisional government was set up.
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23 February 2019

6. Bolshevik Revolution of November 1917
Provisional government failed to solve Russia's problems
It continued to be part of WW-I
Revolutionary Socialists (Bolsheviks) set up soviets – councils of workers and soldiers all over Russia
In November Bolsheviks took over Russian government under the leadership of Vladimir Illich Lenin.
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23 February 2019

7. Lenin’s Strategy Lenin promised peace, land & bread.
Bolshevik Party was renamed Communist Party
Civil war broke out in Russia
Bolsheviks won against Mensheviks
Leon Trotsky provided military leadership
Land was distributed to the peasants
Workers were given control of the factories and mines
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23 February 2019

8. Brought peace by withdrawing from WW-I
In the civil war Reds won against Whites.
Russia was renamed Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
A one-party system was established
New Economic Policy (NEP) was introduced and economy recovered
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23 February 2019

9. Homework Questions 1, 2, 4, 5 & 6 on Page 737 GH&G - Br. Siraj
23 February 2019